Kelimpahan unsur dalam kerak Bumi

Tabel ini menunjukkan kelimpahan unsur-unsur di kerak Bumi. Angka menunjukkan persentase atau bagian per juta (ppm) dalam massa; 10.000 ppm = 1%.

Perlu diperhatikan bahwa angka merupakan perkiraan, dan mereka akan bervariasi tergantung pada sumber dan metode estimasi. Secara garis besar, data dapat dipercaya.

Urutan	Z	Unsur	Simbol	Kelimpahan di Litosfer^[1]	Proporsi relatif (ppm)^[2]	Kelimpahan dalam kerak (ppm)^[3]	Kelimpahan dalam kerak (ppm)^[4]	Kelimpahan dalam kerak (ppm)^[5]	Produksi (2012, Ton)^[6]
1	8	oksigen	O	460,000	474,000	460,000	467,100	461,000
2	14	silikon ^[A]	Si	277,200	277,100	270,000	276,900	282,000	7,600,000
3	13	aluminium	Al	81,300	82,000	82,000	80,700	82,300	44,900,000
4	26	besi	Fe	50,000	41,000	63,000	50,500	56,300	1,100,000,000
5	20	kalsium	Ca	36,300	41,000	50,000	36,500	41,500
6	11	natrium	Na	28,300	23,000	23,000	27,500	23,600	280,000,000
7	19	kalium	K	25,900	21,000	15,000	25,800	20,900	34,000
8	12	magnesium	Mg	20,900	23,000	29,000	20,800	23,300	750,000
9	22	titanium	Ti	4,400	5,600	6,600	6,200	5,600	6,500,000
10	1	hidrogen	H	1,400		1,500	1,400	1,400
11	15	fosfor	P	1,200	1,000	1,000	1,300	1,050
12	25	mangan	Mn	1,000	950	1,100	900	950	16,000,000
13	9	fluor	F	800	950	540	290	585
14	56	barium	Ba	500	340	340	500	425
15	6	karbon	C	300	480	1,800	940	200
16	38	stronsium	Sr		370	360		370	380,000
17	16	belerang	S	500	260	420	520	350	70,000,000
18	40	zirkonium	Zr		190	130	250	165	1,420,000
19	74	wolfram	W		160.6	1.1		1.25	73,000
20	23	vanadium	V	100	160	190		120	63,000
21	17	klorin	Cl	500	130	170	450	145	280,000,000
22	24	krom	Cr	100	100	140	350	102	7,890,000
23	37	rubidium	Rb	300	90	60		90
24	28	nikel	Ni		80	90	190	84	2,100,000
25	30	seng	Zn		75	79		70	13,000,000
26	29	tembaga	Cu	100	50	68		60	17,000,000
27	58	serium	Ce		68	60		66.5
28	60	neodimium	Nd		38	33		41.5
29	57	lantanum	La		32	34		39
30	39	itrium	Y		30	29		33	8,900
31	7	nitrogen	N	50	25	20		19	137,000,000
32	27	kobalt	Co		20	30		25	110,000
33	3	litium	Li		20	17		20	37,000
34	41	niobium	Nb		20	17		20	69,000
35	31	galium	Ga		18	19		19
36	21	skandium	Sc		16	26		22
37	82	timbal	Pb		14	10		14	5,200,000
38	62	samarium	Sm		7.9	6		7.05
39	90	torium	Th		12	6		9.6
40	59	praseodimium	Pr		9.5	8.7		9.2
41	5	boron	B		950	8.7		10	4,600,000
42	64	gadolinium	Gd		7.7	5.2		6.2
43	66	disprosium	Dy		6	6.2		5.2
44	72	hafnium	Hf		5.3	3.3		3.0
45	68	erbium	Er		3.8	3.0		3.5
46	70	iterbium	Yb		3.3	2.8		3.2
47	55	sesium	Cs		3	1.9		3
48	4	berilium	Be		2.6	1.9		2.8	230
49	50	timah	Sn	0	2.2	2.2		2.3	230,000
50	63	europium	Eu		2.1	1.8		2.0
51	92	uranium	U		0	1.8		2.7	66,512
52	73	tantalum	Ta		2	1.7		2.0	765
53	32	germanium	Ge		1.8	1.4		1.5	128
54	42	molibdenum	Mo		1.5	1.1		1.2	250,000
55	33	arsen	As		1.5	2.1		1.8	44,000
56	67	holmium	Ho		1.4	1.2		1.3
57	65	terbium	Tb		1.1	0.94		1.2
58	69	tulium	Tm		0.48	0.45		0.52
59	35	bromin	Br		0.37	3		2.4	580,000
60	81	talium	Tl		0.6	0.530		0.850	10
61	71	lutesium^[7]	Lu					0.5
62	51	antimon	Sb		0.2	0.2		0.2	180,000
63	53	iodin	I		0.14	0.490		0.450	28,000
64	48	kadmium	Cd		0.11	0.15		0.15	23,000
65	47	perak	Ag		0.070	0.080		0.075	24,000
66	80	raksa	Hg		0.05	0.067		0.085	1,600
67	34	selenium	Se		0.05	0.05		0.05	2,000
68	49	indium	In		0.049	0.160		0.250	670
69	83	bismut	Bi		0.048	0.025		0.0085	7,400
70	52	telurium	Te		0.005	0.001		0.001
71	78	platina	Pt		0.003	0.0037		0.005	179
72	79	emas	Au		0.0011	0.0031		0.004	2,700
73	44	rutenium	Ru		0.001	0.001		0.001
74	46	paladium	Pd		0.0006	0.0063		0.015	200
75	75	renium	Re		0.0004	0.0026		0.0007	52
76	77	iridium	Ir		0.0003	0.0004		0.001
77	45	rodium	Rh		0.0002	0.0007		0.001
78	76	osmium	Os		0.0001	0.0018		0.0015

^ 5,000 tonnes of annual production is electronic grade

Lihat pula

Abundances of the elements (data page)

Referensi

^ "Elements, Terrestrial Abundance". www.daviddarling.info. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2007-04-10. Diakses tanggal 2007-04-14.
^ Barbalace, Kenneth. "Periodic Table of Elements". Environmental Chemistry.com. Diakses tanggal 2007-04-14.
^ "Abundance in Earth's Crust". WebElements.com. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2007-03-09. Diakses tanggal 2007-04-14.
^ "List of Periodic Table Elements Sorted by Abundance in Earth's crust". Israel Science and Technology Homepage. Diakses tanggal 2007-04-15.
^ "It's Elemental — The Periodic Table of Elements". Jefferson Lab. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2007-04-29. Diakses tanggal 2007-04-14.
^ Commodity Statistics and Information. USGS. All production numbers are for mines, except for Al, Cd, Fe, Ge, In, N, Se (plants, refineries), S (all forms) and As, Br, Mg, Si (unspecified). Data for B, K, Ti, Y are given not for the pure element but for the most common oxide, data for Na and Cl are for NaCl. For many elements like Si, Al, data are ambiguos (many forms produced) and are taken for the pure element. U data is pure element required for consumption by current reactor fleet [1] Diarsipkan 2017-10-01 di Wayback Machine.. WNA.
^ Emsley, John (2001). Nature's building blocks: an A-Z guide to the elements. Oxford University Press. hlm. 240–242. ISBN 0-19-850341-5.

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