湿地公约

拉姆薩公約
关于特别是作为水禽栖息地的国际重要湿地公约
湿地公约標誌
簽署日1971年2月2日 (1971-02-02)
簽署地點 伊朗拉姆薩爾
生效日1975年12月21日
生效條件有7个国家批准
簽署者23[1]
締約方172[1]
保存處聯合國教科文組織總幹事
語言英语（如有分歧以英语为准）、法语、德语、俄语和西班牙语[1]
温带湿地（英国）

《湿地公约》（英語：Convention on Wetlands），全称为《关于特别是作为水禽栖息地的国际重要湿地公约》（英語：Convention on Wetlands of International Importance Especially as Waterfowl Habitat），又称《拉姆萨尔公约》（英語：Ramsar Convention），是为了保护湿地而签署的全球性政府间保护公约。湿地公约的宗旨是：通过国家行动和国际合作来保护与合理利用湿地[2]。

湿地公约于1971年2月2日在伊朗的拉姆薩爾签署，当时有18个发起缔约国。湿地公约于1975年12月21日正式生效，直至2014年1月，拉姆薩爾公約總共有168個締約成員，国际重要湿地名录覆蓋著2170片總面積超過207萬平方公里的重要濕地。中国于1992年加入湿地公约。

每三年，缔约方代表作为缔约方会议 (Conference of the Contracting Parties, 缩写：COP) 召开会议，缔约方会议是公约的决策机构，通过决定（决议和建议）来管理公约的工作并改进各方能够实现其目标[3]。COP12于2015年在乌拉圭埃斯特角城举行。COP13于2018年10月在阿拉伯联合酋长国杜拜城举行。

為紀念濕地公約的簽署，故將每年的2月2日列為世界濕地日。

1999年5月，在哥斯达黎加召开的第7届缔约方大会上，正式确认世界自然基金会（WWF）、國際鳥盟（BirdLife International）、世界自然保護聯盟（IUCN）和湿地国际（WI）为公约的伙伴组织。

締約成員

160個締約成員包括[4]︰

参见

參考來源

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Convention on Wetlands of International Importance especially as Waterfowl Habitat.. UNESCO. [7 August 2022]. （原始内容存档于2023-01-29）. 
  2. ^ The Ramsar Convention and its Mission. [11 October 2016]. （原始内容存档于9 April 2016）. 
  3. ^ The Conference of the Contracting Parties. Ramsar. [31 March 2019]. （原始内容存档于2022-02-06）. 
  4. ^ 濕地公約締約國名錄. [2017-06-15]. （原始内容存档于2021-03-09）. 

外部链接

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