日本紫式部的《源氏物語》是11世紀的作品,有些人也將此書稱為全世界第一本長篇小說,不過這部份仍有爭議,在此書之前也有不少長篇小說。中國在明朝(1368年-1644年)也出現了四大名著。歐洲早期的長篇小說作品是蘇非主義作家伊本·图费勒所著的《哈义·本·叶格赞的故事》[14]。後來在印刷術普及之後,也出現了更多皊小說,像是米格尔·德·塞万提斯創作了《堂吉诃德》(第一部份是1605年所著),常稱為是近代史上最重要的歐洲小說家[15]。文學歷史家伊恩·瓦特(英语:Ian Watt)在The Rise of the Novel(1957年)一書中,認為現代的長篇小說是從十八世紀初開始的。
^J. A. Cuddon, Dictionary of Literary Terms & Literary Theory, ed., 4th edition, revised C. E. Preston. London: Penguin, 1999, pp. 76o-2.
^M. H. Abrams, A Glossary of Literary Terms (7th edition), p. 192.
^"Essay on Romance", Prose Works volume vi, p. 129, quoted in "Introduction" to Walter Scott's Quentin Durward, ed. Susan Maning. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1992, p. xxv.
^See also, Nathaniel Hawthorne's, "Preface" to The House of Seven Gables, 1851. External link to the "Preface" below)
^Huet's definition already notes that prose had not always defined the novel – Traitté de l'origine des romans (1670), Stephen Lewis' 1715 translation, p.4: "It is required to be in Prose by the Humour of the Times."
^György Lukács The Theory of the Novel. A historico-philosophical essay on the forms of great epic literature [first German edition 1920], transl. by Anna Bostock (Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press, 1971).