現代大和民族主要是彌生人的後裔並與其他現代東亞族群都有關,特別是朝鮮人和漢人[20][21][22]。據估計,東京周遭的日本人身上的繩文血統約佔12%左右[23]。Takashi et al. 2019確認現代日本人大多為彌生人後裔。在分析和比較過繩文人和現代日本人的線粒體DNA後,顯示繩文時代的人與古墳時代和平安時代的人不存在連續性,而這項發現意味著日本人的基因轉換發生在古墳時代之前,或最起碼在稱名寺遺址所發現的是如此。[24]
最近的研究透露繩文人和其他人口有別,包括現代日本人。
——Takahashi et al. 2019,(Adachi et al., 2011; Adachi and Nara, 2018)
另外一項2019年的研究分別指出現代日本人(大和民族)平均有90%左右的彌生人基因組,10%左右的繩文人基因組。[25]。Gakuhari et al. 2019指出現代日本人的基因簇與其他東亞族群最為接近,但與阿伊努人有明顯差別。然而這份報告卻指出現代日本人只有3.3%繩文人基因[26] Kanazawa Kiriyama et al. 2019表示現代日本人有9-13%繩文人基因,而琉球人則有27%,並指他們都是彌生人[27]。
^Director (Research Services Division). Professor Ann Kumar. 2019-07-20 [2019-07-20]. (原始内容存档于2019-07-20). Professor Ann Kumar, BA Hons (ANU), PhD (ANU). Visiting Fellow. School of Culture, History & Language. ANU College of Asia and the Pacific.
^Janhunen, Juha. Reconstructing the Language Map of Prehistorical Northeast Asia. Studia Orientalia. 2010, (108): 281–304. ... there are strong indications that the neighbouring Baekje state (in the southwest) was predominantly Japonic-speaking until it was linguistically Koreanized.
^Vovin, Alexander (2013). "From Koguryo to Tamna: Slowly riding to the South with speakers of Proto-Korean". Korean Linguistics. 15 (2): 222–240.
^Whitman, John. Northeast Asian Linguistic Ecology and the Advent of Rice Agriculture in Korea and Japan. Rice. 2011-12-01, 4 (3): 149–158. ISSN 1939-8433. doi:10.1007/s12284-011-9080-0.
^Kutanan, Wibhu; Chakraborty, Ranajit; Eisenberg, Arthur; Sun, Jie; Chantawannakul, Panuwan; Ghirotto, Silvia; Pittayaporn, Pittayawat; Srikummool, Metawee; Srithawong, Suparat. Genetic and linguistic correlation of the Kra–Dai-speaking groups in Thailand. Journal of Human Genetics. July 2015, 60 (7): 371–380. ISSN 1435-232X. PMID 25833471. S2CID 21509343. doi:10.1038/jhg.2015.32.
Vovin, Alexander. 2014. "Out of Southern China? – Philological and linguistic musings on the possible Urheimat of Proto-Japonic". Journées de CRLAO 2014. June 27–28, 2014. INALCO, Paris.