布爾吉王朝

布爾吉王朝（1382－1517年），是第二期的埃及馬木留克王朝，由切爾克斯人組成的士兵統治埃及和敘利亞。

這王朝特點是政治動盪，有很多短期執政的蘇丹。他們王朝的名字的意思是“塔”。

歷史

從1250年開始，埃及由欽察系馬木路克的伯海里王朝统治。1377年敘利亞爆發起義蔓延到埃及，由切爾克斯人巴拉克與巴爾庫克接管政權，1382年巴爾庫克宣布登基，結束伯海里王朝。

巴爾庫克於1389年被廢，但隨即在1390年奪回開羅。儘管面對欽察人反叛，但被其察覺，使切爾克斯人得以永久掌權。

面對共同的敵人帖木兒，巴爾庫克加入了巴耶塞特一世和脱脱迷失一個反帖木兒聯盟，但他在1399死亡。

1401年，帖木兒入侵敘利亞，破壞大馬士革和阿勒颇。敘利亞是由蘇丹法拉吉1405年收復，但不斷從埃米爾那裡面臨叛亂，他被迫於1412年退位。

在1421年埃及攻擊塞浦路斯王國，雖然埃及人無法佔领塞浦路斯島，但他們迫使塞浦路斯人承認埃及蘇丹巴爾斯拜的宗主權。他經常襲擊小亞細亞，但在1438年去世。

在鄂圖曼帝国穆罕默德二世時代，埃及開始了埃及和鄂圖曼帝国的鬥爭（两國支持不同的卡拉曼侯国人選）。在1467年蘇丹克農貝得罪了鄂圖曼帝國蘇丹巴耶塞特二世，最後被塞利姆一世打败。

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