Washingtonia filifera

Washingtonia Filifera, Gaziantep

Washingtonia Filifera (California fan palm ya da yerel adıyla Çöl Yelpaze Palmiyesi),[1] ana vatanı Amerika Birleşik Devletleri'nin güneybatısı ve Meksika'nın Baja California bölgesi olan, Arecaceae familyasından çiçekli tek gövdeli bitkidir. 15–20 m. uzunluğa ve 3–6 m. genişliğe kadar büyüyen, ağaca benzer bir büyüme alışkanlığına sahip, yaprak dökmeyen bir monokottur. Sağlam, sütunlu bir gövdeye ve mumsu, yelpaze şeklinde (palmat) yapraklara sahiptir.

Kardeşi olan Washingtonia Robusta’ya göre daha kalın gövdeli ve boy oranı daha kısadır. Boyu ortalama 18 metreye kadar çıkmaktadır ve Washingtonia R.'ye göre büyüme hızı yavaştır. Yelpaze şeklindeki yaprakları taç şeklindeki kafasından açılmaktadır. Siyah ve küçük meyveleri vardır. Bahar mevsiminin sonundan yaz mevsimine kadar meyve üretmektedir. Soğukluk olarak ortalama -11 derecelere kadar dayanıklı bir palmiye türüdür.[2][3]

Washingtonia Filifera, Dalyan

Washingtonia palmiyeleri iki türden oluşur. Washingtonia Filifera türünü Washingtonia Robusta’dan ayrı kıllan özellikler arasında, daha kalın gövdeli, boyu daha kısa olması ve daha yavaş büyümesi gibi kriterler yer alır. Çoğunlukla bu iki ayrı tür, aynı ağaç sanılmaktadır fakat bu yanlış bir bilgidir. Uzun ve ince olan Robusta; kalın ve kısa olan ise Filifera türüdür.[4] Türkiye'de ılıman iklimin olduğu, başta Ege olmak üzere Akdeniz, Marmara, Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesi ve Karadeniz sahil şeridinde yetişmektedir. Türkiye’de peyzaj bitkisi olarak kullanılan Washingtonia Filifera en çok Ege Bölgesi'nde tercih edilmektedir. Akdeniz Bölgesi'nde ise Washingtonia Robusta tercih edilmektedir.[2][4]

Yetiştirme

Washingtonia Filifera siyah renkli olgunlaşmış meyve çekirdeklerinden yetişmektedir. Olgunlaşmış siyah renkli meyveleri toprağa ekilebilmektedir. Eğer hızlı yeşillendirme yapılmak istenirse su içinde veya nemli bir peçetede tohumlar çimlendirilebilmektedir.[4]

Galeri

Kordon’da bulunan Washingtonia F.,İzmir
Küçük bir Washingtonia F.,Gaziantep
Orta Refüjde Washingtonia F. Ağaçları,Denizli
Washingtonia F. doğal yaşam alanı, Kaliforniya
Washingtonia kökü

Ayrıca bakınız

Kaynakça

  1. ^ Cornett, J. W. (1986). "The Common Name of Washingtonia filifera". Principes. 30 (4): 153-55. 
  2. ^ a b "Washingtonia Filifera | Sönmez Palmiye". www.sonmezpalmiye.com.tr. 18 Kasım 2023 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 18 Kasım 2023. 
  3. ^ "Washingtonia robusta H. Wendl. - Yaşam Ansiklopedisi". eol.org. 18 Kasım 2023 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 18 Kasım 2023. 
  4. ^ a b c "Palmiyeler Hakkında". Palmiye Merkezi. 18 Kasım 2023 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 18 Kasım 2023. 

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