David Chilton Phillips

The Lord Phillips of Ellesmere
DoğumDavid Chilton Phillips
7 Mart 1924(1924-03-07)
Ölüm23 Şubat 1999 (74 yaşında)
Ödüller
Kariyeri
Çalıştığı kurumlar
Doktora öğrencileri Janet Thornton (doktora sonrası)[8][9]

David Chilton Phillips, Ellesmere Baronu Phillips, KBE, FRS H FRSE (7 Mart 1924 - 23 Şubat 1999)[1] İngiliz yapısal biyologdur.

Araştırmaları

Phillips, 1965 yılında Londra'daki Kraliyet Kurumunun Davy Faraday Araştırma Laboratuvarları'nda yaptığı çalışma ile enzim lizoziminin yapısını atomik olarak belirleyen ilk kişi oldu. 1922'de Alexander Fleming tarafından keşfedilen lizozim[10] gözyaşı, burun mukusu, mide salgıları ve yumurta akı içinde bulunur. Lizozimun bazı antibakteriyel özellikler sergilemesi sebebiyle yapısının ve etki tarzının keşfedilmesinin temel bilimsel hedefler arasındaydı. David Phillips, çalışmalarıyla lizozimin yapısını çözdü ve ayrıca Cardiff Üniversitesi'nde doktora öğrencisi olarak öğrendiği ve daha sonra büyük enstrümantal katkılar yaptığı X-ışını kristalografisi tekniğinin başarılı bir uygulamasıyla belirli bakterileri yok etme mekanizmasını açıkladı.

Eğitim ve kariyer

David bir terzi ve Metodist vaiz olan Charles Harry Phillips ve eşi Edith Harriet Finney'in oğluydu.[11]

Shropshire, Ellesmere'de doğdu. Oswestry Erkek Lisesi'nde ve daha sonra Güney Galler ve Monmouth Üniversitesi'nde fizik, elektrik mühendisliği ve matematik okudu. HMS Illustrious'da radar subayı olarak 1944 ve 1947 yılları arasında Kraliyet Donanması'nda hizmet verdi. Eğitimini tamamlamak için Cardiff'e (1948'de BSc) döndü; daha sonra önemli bir X-ışını kristal fizikçisi olan Profesör Arthur JC Wilson ile lisansüstü çalışmalar yaptı. 1951'de doktorasını aldı. Ottawa Ulusal Araştırma Konseyi'nde kısa bir doktora sonrası dönemden (1951-55) sonra Royal Institution'a katıldı. 1968'de Oxford Üniversitesi Zooloji Bölümü'nde Moleküler Biyofizik Profesörü oldu ve 1985'te emekli olana dek bu görevde kaldı. Bu süre zarfında 1976'dan 1983'e kadar Kraliyet Cemiyeti Üyesi ve ardından Biyoloji Sekreteri oldu.

Aile

1960 yılında Diana Hutchinson ile evlendi.

Ödüller

Phillips 1979'da Knight Bachelor,[2] 1989'da İngiliz İmparatorluğu Düzeni'nin (KBE) Şövalye Komutanı,[3] 14 Temmuz 1994'te Ellesmere Baronu Phillips unvanlarını aldı.[12] Lordlar Kamarası'nda Bilim ve Teknoloji seçme komitesine başkanlık etti ve Parlamentoyu World Wide Web'e dahil etme konusunda görev aldı. 1994 yılında Bath Üniversitesi tarafından kendisine Fahri Derece (Bilim Doktoru) verildi.[13]

1980'de davet üzerine Tavuk, Yumurta ve Moleküller (The Chicken, the Egg and the Molecules) başlıklı bir dizi Royal Institution Noel Konferansı verdi.[14]

Ölüm

Lord Phillips 23 Şubat 1999'da kanserden öldü.

Kaynakça

  1. ^ a b Johnson (2000). "David Chilton Phillips, Lord Phillips of Ellesmere, K.B.E. 7 March 1924 -- 23 February 1999: Elected F.R.S. 1967". Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society. 46: 377-401. 
  2. ^ a b You must specify Şablon:And list when using {{London Gazette}}.
  3. ^ a b You must specify Şablon:And list when using {{London Gazette}}.
  4. ^ "National Academy of Sciences Member Directory: David Phillips of Ellesmere". 22 Temmuz 2018 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 1 Temmuz 2020. 
  5. ^ "Wolf Foundation: Sir David C. Phillips". 11 Eylül 2014 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 1 Temmuz 2020. 
  6. ^ Jones, Edith Yvonne (1985). Structural and dynamic studies on biological macromolecules (DPhil tez). University of Oxford. OCLC 863529476. [ölü/kırık bağlantı]
  7. ^ Sternberg, Michael Joseph Ezra (1977). Studies of protein conformation (DPhil tez). University of Oxford. 22 Haziran 2020 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 1 Temmuz 2020. 
  8. ^ Phillips, D. C.; Sternberg, M. J.; Thornton, J. M.; Wilson, I. A. (1978). "An analysis of the structure of triose phosphate isomerase and its comparison with lactate dehydrogenase". Journal of Molecular Biology. 119 (2): 329-51. doi:10.1016/0022-2836(78)90440-0. PMID 633372. 
  9. ^ Phillips, D. C.; Rivers, P. S.; Sternberg, M. J.; Thornton, J. M.; Wilson, I. A. (1977). "An analysis of the three-dimensional structure of chicken triose phosphate isomerase". Biochemical Society Transactions. 5 (3): 642-7. doi:10.1042/bst0050642. PMID 902882. 
  10. ^ Fleming (1922). "On a Remarkable Bacteriolytic Element Found in Tissues and Secretions". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 93 (653): 306-317. 
  11. ^ Biographical Index of Former Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 1783–2002 (PDF). The Royal Society of Edinburgh. Temmuz 2006. ISBN 0-902-198-84-X. 4 Mart 2016 tarihinde kaynağından (PDF) arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 1 Temmuz 2020. 
  12. ^ You must specify Şablon:And list when using {{London Gazette}}.
  13. ^ "Honorary Graduates 1989 to present". University of Bath. 17 Temmuz 2010 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 18 Şubat 2012. 
  14. ^ "The chicken, the egg and the molecules". The Royal Institution. 22 Temmuz 2018 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 1 Temmuz 2020. 

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