Buharlaşma entalpisi

Benzen, Aseton, Metanol ve suyun buharlaşma ısılarını gösteren grafik

Buharlaşma ısısı veya diğer adıyla buharlaşma entalpisi, birim miktardaki bir sıvının gaz haline dönüşmesi için gereken enerjidir. Sıvının kaynama sıcaklığında ölçülür ve genellikle joule/gram veya kJ/mol birimleri cinsinden ifade edilir. Daha genel kullanımı molar buharlaşma entalpisi olup anlamı bir mol sıvıyı buharlaştırmak için gereken enerji toplamıdır.

Sıcaklıkla DH'ın değişimi, bir sıvı, bir katının buharı ile dengede olması durumuna da uygulanabilir. Bu durum için DH buharlaşma ısısı olarak adlandırılır. Buharlaşma ısısı artan sıcaklık ile azalır. Kritik noktada sıfır değerine ulaşır. Bu sıcaklıkta sıvı ve buhar birbirine benzer.

Buharlaşma ısısı

DHbuharlaşma = Hbuhar - Hsıvı-katı

biçiminde ifade edilebilir.

Suyun buharlaşma ısısı 2257 joule/gramdır (yaklaşık 540 cal/g).

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