Grundämnenas atomära egenskaper
Detta är en lista över grundämnen med olika atomära mått.
Den relativa atommassan är angiven i atommassenheter (u), medan alla andra värden är angivna i pikometer (pm).
Z
|
T
|
Grundämne
|
Relativ atommassa
|
Atomradie
|
van der Waalsradie
|
Kovalent radie
|
Metallisk
|
Empirisk
|
Beräknad
|
Enkelbindning
|
Trippelbindning
|
1 |
H |
Väte
|
1,008 (1,00784–1,00811)
|
25
|
53
|
120
|
38
|
i.u.
|
|
2 |
He |
Helium
|
4,002602(2)
|
i.u.
|
31
|
140
|
32
|
i.u.
|
|
3 |
Li |
Litium
|
6,94 (6,938–6,997)
|
145
|
167
|
182
|
134
|
i.u.
|
152
|
4 |
Be |
Beryllium
|
9,0121831(5)
|
105
|
112
|
153[1]
|
90
|
85
|
112
|
5 |
B |
Bor
|
10,81 (10,806–10,821)
|
85
|
87
|
192[1]
|
82
|
73
|
|
6 |
C |
Kol
|
12,011 (12,0096–12,0116)
|
70
|
67
|
170
|
77
|
60
|
|
7 |
N |
Kväve
|
14,0067 (14,00643–14,00728)
|
65
|
56
|
155
|
75
|
54
|
|
8 |
O |
Syre
|
15,999 (15,99903–15,99977)
|
60
|
48
|
152
|
73
|
53
|
|
9 |
F |
Fluor
|
18,998403163(6)
|
50
|
42
|
147
|
71
|
53
|
|
10 |
Ne |
Neon
|
20,1797(6)
|
i.u.
|
38
|
154
|
69
|
i.u.
|
|
11 |
Na |
Natrium
|
22,98976928(2)
|
180
|
190
|
227
|
154
|
i.u.
|
186
|
12 |
Mg |
Magnesium
|
24,305 (24,304–24,307)
|
150
|
145
|
173
|
130
|
127
|
160
|
13 |
Al |
Aluminium
|
26,9815385(7)
|
125
|
118
|
184[1]
|
118
|
111
|
143
|
14 |
Si |
Kisel
|
28,085 (28,084–28,086)
|
110
|
111
|
210
|
111
|
102
|
|
15 |
P |
Fosfor
|
30,973761998(5)
|
100
|
98
|
180
|
106
|
94
|
|
16 |
S |
Svavel
|
32,06 (32,059–32,076)
|
100
|
88
|
180
|
102
|
95
|
|
17 |
Cl |
Klor
|
35,45 (35,446–35,457)
|
100
|
79
|
175
|
99
|
93
|
|
18 |
Ar |
Argon
|
39,948(1)
|
71
|
71
|
188
|
97
|
96
|
|
19 |
K |
Kalium
|
39,0983(1)
|
220
|
243
|
275
|
196
|
i.u.
|
227
|
20 |
Ca |
Kalcium
|
40,078(4)
|
180
|
194
|
231[1]
|
174
|
133
|
197
|
21 |
Sc |
Skandium
|
44,955908(5)
|
160
|
184
|
211[1]
|
144
|
114
|
162[a]
|
22 |
Ti |
Titan
|
47,867(1)
|
140
|
176
|
i.u.
|
136
|
108
|
147
|
23 |
V |
Vanadin
|
50,9415(1)
|
135
|
171
|
i.u.
|
125
|
106
|
134[a]
|
24 |
Cr |
Krom
|
51,9961(6)
|
140
|
166
|
i.u.
|
127
|
103
|
128[a]
|
25 |
Mn |
Mangan
|
54,938044(3)
|
140
|
161
|
i.u.
|
139
|
103
|
127[a]
|
26 |
Fe |
Järn
|
55,845(2)
|
140
|
156
|
i.u.
|
125
|
102
|
126[a]
|
27 |
Co |
Kobolt
|
58,933194(4)
|
135
|
152
|
i.u.
|
126
|
96
|
125[a]
|
28 |
Ni |
Nickel
|
58,6934(4)
|
135
|
149
|
163
|
121
|
101
|
124[a]
|
29 |
Cu |
Koppar
|
63,546(3)
|
135
|
145
|
140
|
138
|
120
|
128[a]
|
30 |
Zn |
Zink
|
65,38(2)
|
135
|
142
|
139
|
131
|
i.u.
|
134[a]
|
31 |
Ga |
Gallium
|
69,723(1)
|
130
|
136
|
187
|
126
|
121
|
135[b]
|
32 |
Ge |
Germanium
|
72,630(8)
|
125
|
125
|
211[1]
|
122
|
114
|
|
33 |
As |
Arsenik
|
74,921595(6)
|
115
|
114
|
185
|
119
|
106
|
|
34 |
Se |
Selen
|
78,971(8)
|
115
|
103
|
190
|
116
|
107
|
|
35 |
Br |
Brom
|
79,904 (79,901–79,907)
|
115
|
94
|
185
|
114
|
110
|
|
36 |
Kr |
Krypton
|
83,798(2)
|
i.u.
|
88
|
202
|
110
|
108
|
|
37 |
Rb |
Rubidium
|
85,4678(3)
|
235
|
265
|
303[1]
|
211
|
i.u.
|
248
|
38 |
Sr |
Strontium
|
87,62(1)
|
200
|
219
|
249[1]
|
192
|
139
|
215
|
39 |
Y |
Yttrium
|
88,90584(2)
|
180
|
212
|
i.u.
|
162
|
124
|
180[a]
|
40 |
Zr |
Zirkonium
|
91,224(2)
|
155
|
206
|
i.u.
|
148
|
121
|
160
|
41 |
Nb |
Niob
|
92,90637(2)
|
145
|
198
|
i.u.
|
137
|
116
|
146[a]
|
42 |
Mo |
Molybden
|
95,95(1)
|
145
|
190
|
i.u.
|
145
|
113
|
139[a]
|
43 |
Tc |
Teknetium
|
[98,9063]
|
135
|
183
|
i.u.
|
156
|
110
|
136[a]
|
44 |
Ru |
Rutenium
|
101,07(2)
|
130
|
178
|
i.u.
|
126
|
103
|
134[a]
|
45 |
Rh |
Rodium
|
102,90550(2)
|
135
|
173
|
i.u.
|
135
|
106
|
134[a]
|
46 |
Pd |
Palladium
|
106,42(1)
|
140
|
169
|
163
|
131
|
112
|
137[a]
|
47 |
Ag |
Silver
|
107,8682(2)
|
160
|
165
|
172
|
153
|
137
|
144[a]
|
48 |
Cd |
Kadmium
|
112,414(4)
|
155
|
161
|
158
|
148
|
i.u.
|
151[a]
|
49 |
In |
Indium
|
114,818(1)
|
155
|
156
|
193
|
144
|
146
|
167
|
50 |
Sn |
Tenn
|
118,710(7)
|
145
|
145
|
217
|
141
|
132
|
|
51 |
Sb |
Antimon
|
121,760(1)
|
145
|
133
|
206[1]
|
138
|
127
|
|
52 |
Te |
Tellur
|
127,60(3)
|
140
|
123
|
206
|
135
|
121
|
|
53 |
I |
Jod
|
126,90447(3)
|
140
|
115
|
198
|
133
|
125
|
|
54 |
Xe |
Xenon
|
131,293(6)
|
i.u.
|
108
|
216
|
130
|
122
|
|
55 |
Cs |
Cesium
|
132,90545196(6)
|
260
|
298
|
343[1]
|
225
|
i.u.
|
265
|
56 |
Ba |
Barium
|
137,327(7)
|
215
|
253
|
268[1]
|
198
|
149
|
222
|
57 |
La |
Lantan
|
138,90547(7)
|
195
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
169
|
139
|
187[a]
|
58 |
Ce |
Cerium
|
140,116(1)
|
185
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
131
|
181,8[b]
|
59 |
Pr |
Praseodym
|
140,90766(2)
|
185
|
247
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
128
|
182,4[b]
|
60 |
Nd |
Neodym
|
144,242(3)
|
185
|
206
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
181,4[b]
|
61 |
Pm |
Prometium
|
[146,9151]
|
185
|
205
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
183,4[b]
|
62 |
Sm |
Samarium
|
150,36(2)
|
185
|
238
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
180,4[b]
|
63 |
Eu |
Europium
|
151,964(1)
|
185
|
231
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
180,4[b]
|
64 |
Gd |
Gadolinium
|
157,25(3)
|
180
|
233
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
132
|
180,4[b]
|
65 |
Tb |
Terbium
|
158,92535(2)
|
175
|
225
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
177,3[b]
|
66 |
Dy |
Dysprosium
|
162,500(1)
|
175
|
228
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
178,1[b]
|
67 |
Ho |
Holmium
|
164,93033(2)
|
175
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
176,2[b]
|
68 |
Er |
Erbium
|
167,259(3)
|
175
|
226
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
176,1[b]
|
69 |
Tm |
Tulium
|
168,93422(2)
|
175
|
222
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
175,9[b]
|
70 |
Yb |
Ytterbium
|
173,045(10)
|
175
|
222
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
176[b]
|
71 |
Lu |
Lutetium
|
174,9668(1)
|
175
|
217
|
i.u.
|
160
|
131
|
173,8[b]
|
72 |
Hf |
Hafnium
|
178,49(2)
|
155
|
208
|
i.u.
|
150
|
122
|
159
|
73 |
Ta |
Tantal
|
180,94788(2)
|
145
|
200
|
i.u.
|
138
|
119
|
146[a]
|
74 |
W |
Volfram
|
183,84(1)
|
135
|
193
|
i.u.
|
146
|
115
|
139[a]
|
75 |
Re |
Rhenium
|
186,207(1)
|
135
|
188
|
i.u.
|
159
|
110
|
137[a]
|
76 |
Os |
Osmium
|
190,23(3)
|
130
|
185
|
i.u.
|
128
|
109
|
135[a]
|
77 |
Ir |
Iridium
|
192,217(3)
|
135
|
180
|
i.u.
|
137
|
107
|
135,5[a]
|
78 |
Pt |
Platina
|
195,084(9)
|
135
|
177
|
175
|
128
|
110
|
138,5[a]
|
79 |
Au |
Guld
|
196,966569(5)
|
135
|
174
|
166
|
144
|
123
|
144[a]
|
80 |
Hg |
Kvicksilver
|
200,592(3)
|
150
|
171
|
155
|
149
|
i.u.
|
151[a]
|
81 |
Tl |
Tallium
|
204,38 (204,382–204,385)
|
190
|
156
|
196
|
148
|
150
|
170
|
82 |
Pb |
Bly
|
207,2(1)
|
180
|
154
|
202
|
147
|
137
|
|
83 |
Bi |
Vismut
|
208,98040(1)
|
160
|
143
|
207[1]
|
146
|
135
|
|
84 |
Po |
Polonium
|
[209,98]
|
190
|
135
|
197[1]
|
i.u.
|
129
|
|
85 |
At |
Astat
|
[209,9871]
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
202[1]
|
i.u.
|
138
|
|
86 |
Rn |
Radon
|
[222]
|
i.u.
|
120
|
220[1]
|
145
|
133
|
|
87 |
Fr |
Francium
|
[223,0197]
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
348[1]
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
88 |
Ra |
Radium
|
[226,0254]
|
215
|
i.u.
|
283[1]
|
i.u.
|
159
|
i.u.
|
89 |
Ac |
Aktinium
|
[227,0278]
|
195
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
140
|
90 |
Th |
Torium
|
232,0377(4)
|
180
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
136
|
179[a]
|
91 |
Pa |
Protaktinium
|
231,03588(2)
|
180
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
129
|
163[c]
|
92 |
U |
Uran
|
238,02891(3)
|
175
|
i.u.
|
186
|
i.u.
|
118
|
156[d]
|
93 |
Np |
Neptunium
|
[237,0482]
|
175
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
116
|
155[d]
|
94 |
Pu |
Plutonium
|
[244,0642]
|
175
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
159[d]
|
95 |
Am |
Americium
|
[243,061375]
|
175
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
173[a]
|
96 |
Cm |
Curium
|
[247,0703]
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
174[a]
|
97 |
Bk |
Berkelium
|
[247]
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
170[a]
|
98 |
Cf |
Californium
|
[251]
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
186 ± 2 [a]
|
99 |
Es |
Einsteinium
|
[252]
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
186 ± 2 [a]
|
100 |
Fm |
Fermium
|
[257,0951]
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
101 |
Md |
Mendelevium
|
[258]
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
102 |
No |
Nobelium
|
[259]
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
103 |
Lr |
Lawrencium
|
[266]
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
104 |
Rf |
Rutherfordium
|
[261,1087]
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
131
|
i.u.
|
105 |
Db |
Dubnium
|
[262,1138]
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
126
|
i.u.
|
106 |
Sg |
Seaborgium
|
[263,1182]
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
121
|
i.u.
|
107 |
Bh |
Bohrium
|
[262,1229]
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
119
|
i.u.
|
108 |
Hs |
Hassium
|
[269,1341]
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
118
|
i.u.
|
109 |
Mt |
Meitnerium
|
[268]
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
113
|
i.u.
|
110 |
Ds |
Darmstadtium
|
[281]
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
112
|
i.u.
|
111 |
Rg |
Röntgenium
|
[280]
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
118
|
i.u.
|
112 |
Cn |
Copernicium
|
[277]
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
130
|
i.u.
|
113 |
Nh |
Nihonium
|
[287?]
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
114 |
Fl |
Flerovium
|
[289]
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
115 |
Mc |
Moskovium
|
[288?]
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
116 |
Lv |
Livermorium
|
[293?]
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
117 |
Ts |
Tenness
|
[292]
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
118 |
Og |
Oganesson
|
[294]
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
i.u.
|
Kommentarer
Källor
- ^ [a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q] M. Mantina, A.C. Chamberlin, R. Valero, C.J. Cramer, and D.G. Truhlar, J. Phys. Chem. 2009, 113, 5806.
- Relativ atommassa
Alla nedanstående källor är återciterade i http://www.webelements.com/
- Atomradie (empirisk)
- Atomradie (beräknad)
- van der Waalsradie
- A. Bondi (1964). ”van der Waals Volumes and Radii”. J. Phys. Chem. 68: sid. 441. doi:10.1021/j100785a001.
- M. Mantina; A.C. Chamberlin; R. Valero; C.J. Cramer; D.G. Truhlar (2009). ”Consistent van der Waals Radii for the Whole Main Group”. J. Phys. Chem. A 113 (19): sid. 5806–12. doi:10.1021/jp8111556. PMID 19382751.
- Kovalent radie (enkelbindning)
Mer aktuell data finns i artikeln ”Kovalent radie”. Ovanstående värden är baserade på:
- R.T. Sanderson (1962). Chemical Periodicity. New York, USA: Reinhold
- L.E. Sutton (ed.) (1965). ”Supplement 1956–1959, Special publication No. 18”. Table of interatomic distances and configuration in molecules and ions. London, UK: Chemical Society
- J.E. Huheey, E.A. Keiter, and R.L. Keiter (1993). Inorganic Chemistry : Principles of Structure and Reactivity (4th). New York, USA: HarperCollins. ISBN 0-06-042995-X
- W.W. Porterfield (1984). Inorganic chemistry, a unified approach. Reading Massachusetts, USA: Addison Wesley Publishing Co. ISBN 0-201-05660-7
- A.M. James and M.P. Lord (1992). Macmillan's Chemical and Physical Data. MacMillan. ISBN 0-333-51167-0
- Kovalent radie (trippelbindning)
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