Mbrojtësi i Dy Xhamive të Shenjta

Mbrojtësi i Dy Xhamive të Shenjta (arabisht: خَـادِم الْـحَـرَمَـيْـن الـشَّـرِيْـفَـيْـن‎, Khādim al-Ḥaramayn aš-Šarīfayn; Turqisht: İki kutsal caminin hizmetkârı) është titull që është përdorur nga shumë udhëheqës Islam përfshirë nga Dinastia Ejubid, sulltanati Mamluk, sulltanët e Perandorisë Osmane dhe në kohën e sotit nga mbretërit e Arabisë Saudite.[1] Titulli i referohet udhëheqësit i cili është përgjegjës për mbrojtjen e dy xhamive të shenjta: Xhamia e Shenjtë në Mekë dhe Xhamia e Pejgamberit në Medine.[1][2]

Seladin Ejubi është udhëheqësi i parë që morri këtë titull

Historia

Besohet se personi i parë që ka pasur këtë titull ishte Seladini.[3]

Pas mposhtjes së Mamlukut dhe marrjes së kontrollit të Mekës dhe Medines në vitin 1517, sulltani otoman Selimi I e miratoi titullin. Në vend që të thirret Sundimtar i Dy Qyteteve të Shenjta, ai pranoi titullin Shërbëtor i Dy Qyteteve të Shenjta.[4][5][6] Ky titull u përdor nga të gjithë sulltanët halife të mëdhenj osmanë deri në Mehmed VI (1861-1926), i fundit.

Mbreti i parë i Arabisë Saudite që mori titullin ishte Feisal bin Abdulaziz (1906-1975). Pasardhësi i tij Halid nuk e përdorte këtë titull,[3] por pasardhësi i tij i fundit Fehd e zëvendësoi titullin me termin "Madhëria e Tij".[7] Mbreti i tanishëm, Selmani, mori titullin e njëjtë pas vdekjes së mbretit Abdullah, vëllai i tij i gjysmë, më 23 janar 2015.[2]

Referime

  1. ^ a b Wood, Paul (1 gusht 2005). "Life and legacy of King Fahd". BBC News. Marrë më 6 prill 2011. {{cite news}}: Mungon ose është bosh parametri |language= (Ndihmë!)
  2. ^ a b "Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques King Abdullah bin Abdulaziz". The Saudi Embassy in Tokyo, Japan. Arkivuar nga origjinali më 20 janar 2011. Marrë më 6 prill 2011. {{cite web}}: Mungon ose është bosh parametri |language= (Ndihmë!)
  3. ^ a b Fakkar, Galal (27 janar 2015). "Story behind the king's title". Arab News. Xheda. Marrë më 27 qershor 2016. {{cite web}}: Mungon ose është bosh parametri |language= (Ndihmë!)
  4. ^ Freidun Emecen, Selim I, TDV İslam Ansiklopedisi, Vol.36, p.413-414. (Turqisht)
  5. ^ İlber Ortaylı, "Yavuz Sultan Selim", Milliyet (Turqisht)
  6. ^ İlber Ortaylı, "Surre alayı Topkapı Sarayı’ndan geçiyor", Milliyet, 20 prill 2008 (Turqisht)
  7. ^ "Fahad played pivotal role in development". Gulf Daily News. 2 gusht 2005. Arkivuar nga origjinali më 5 tetor 2013. Marrë më 2 shkurt 2013. {{cite news}}: Mungon ose është bosh parametri |language= (Ndihmë!)

Read other articles:

جابرييل تينتي

جابرييل تينتي   معلومات شخصية اسم الولادة (باللغات المتعددة: Gastone Tinti)‏  الميلاد 22 أغسطس 1932[1]  مولينيلا  الوفاة 12 نوفمبر 1991 (59 سنة) [1]  روما  سبب الوفاة نوبة قلبية  الإقامة روما  مواطنة إيطاليا (18 يونيو 1946–12 نوفمبر 1991) مملكة إيطاليا (22 أغسطس 1932–18 يوني

 

تاكاكو هوندا

تاكاكو هوندا (باليابانية: 本田貴子)‏  معلومات شخصية الميلاد 14 أغسطس 1972 (العمر 51 سنة)طوكيو مواطنة اليابان  الحياة العملية المهنة مؤدية أصوات اللغات اليابانية  سنوات النشاط 1998-حالياً المواقع الموقع الموقع الرسمي  IMDB صفحتها على IMDB  تعديل مصدري - تعديل   تاكاكو هوند

 

Damages (TV series)

American legal thriller television series DamagesGenreLegal dramaPsychological thrillerCrimeMysterySerial dramaCreated byTodd A. KesslerGlenn KesslerDaniel ZelmanStarringGlenn CloseRose ByrneŽeljko IvanekNoah BeanTate DonovanTed DansonAnastasia GriffithMarcia Gay HardenTimothy OlyphantWilliam HurtCampbell ScottMartin ShortDylan BakerJohn GoodmanRyan PhillippeOpening themeWhen I Am Through with You by The VLACountry of originUnited StatesOriginal languageEnglishNo. of seasons5No. of episodes5...

Mauro Trentini

Mauro Trentini (r.) mit Andrea CollinelliMauro Trentini (* 12. September 1975 in Trient) ist ein ehemaliger italienischer Radrennfahrer. 1993 wurde Mauro Trentini Junioren-Vizeweltmeister im Punktefahren. 1996 wurde er mit dem italienischen Bahn-Vierer (Adler Capelli, Cristiano Citton und Andrea Collinelli) bei den Bahn-Weltmeisterschaften in Manchester Weltmeister in der Mannschaftsverfolgung. Dabei stellte das Team im Halbfinale mit 4:00,958 Minuten einen neuen Weltrekord auf. Bei den Olymp...

 

Woltwiesche

Woltwiesche Gemeinde Lengede Wappen von Woltwiesche Koordinaten: 52° 12′ N, 10° 17′ O52.204453410.2780396Koordinaten: 52° 12′ 16″ N, 10° 16′ 41″ O Einwohner: 2184 (31. Dez. 2020)[1] Eingemeindung: 1. Juli 1972 Postleitzahl: 38268 Vorwahl: 05344 Woltwiesche (Niedersachsen) Lage von Woltwiesche in Niedersachsen Woltwiesche ist ein Ortsteil der Gemeinde Lengede im Landkreis Peine in Niedersachsen. Inhaltsver...

 

Launceston Steam Railway

Narrow gauge railway operating from the town of Launceston, Cornwall Launceston Steam RailwayLocaleLaunceston, Cornwall, UKTerminusLauncestonCommercial operationsNameNorth Cornwall RailwayOriginal gauge4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gaugePreserved operationsOwned byThe Spice Settlement Trust Co. LtdOperated byThe Spice Settlement Trust Co. LtdStations4Length2+1⁄2 miles (4 km)Preserved gauge1 ft 11+1⁄2 in (597 mm)Commercial hist...

Social effects of Hurricane Katrina

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Social effects of Hurricane Katrina – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (October 2014) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Hurricane Katrina had many social effects, due the significant loss and disruption of lives it caused. The numb...

 

Monarch butterfly

Milkweed butterfly in the family Nymphalidae Monarch butterfly Male Female Conservation status Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)[1] (entire species) Endangered (IUCN 3.1)[2] (migratory subspecies) Scientific classification Domain: Eukaryota Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Arthropoda Class: Insecta Order: Lepidoptera Family: Nymphalidae Genus: Danaus Species: D. plexippus Binomial name Danaus plexippus(Linnaeus, 1758) Synonyms Papilio plexippus (Linnaeus, 1758) Danaus archippus...

 

Kazuha Oda

Japanese singer-songwriter Kazuha OdaBackground informationBirth nameKazuha OdaAlso known asKazhaBornJapanGenresClassic, Pop, Rock, heavy metalOccupationsVocalist, songwriter, composer, bassistInstrumentsVocals, bass, pianoYears active2009–presentWebsitewww.kazha.netMusical artist Kazuha Oda is a classically trained singer/singer-songwriter born in Japan. She started out as a solo singer and has worked with wide variety of performers including Grammy winner Bob James.[1] She worked ...

Additive noise differential privacy mechanisms

Adding controlled noise from predetermined distributions is a way of designing differentially private mechanisms. This technique is useful for designing private mechanisms for real-valued functions on sensitive data. Some commonly used distributions for adding noise include Laplace and Gaussian distributions. Definitions Let D {\displaystyle {\mathcal {D}}} be a collection of all datasets and f : D → R {\displaystyle f:{\mathcal {D}}\to \mathbb {R} } be a real-valued function. The sens...

 

One Piece: The Cursed Holy Sword

2004 film One Piece: The Cursed Holy SwordJapanese film posterJapanese nameKanjiONE PIECE 呪われた聖剣TranscriptionsRevised HepburnWan Pīsu: Norowareta Seiken Directed byKazuhisa TakenōchiScreenplay byYoshiyuki SugaStarringMayumi TanakaKazuya NakaiAkemi OkamuraKappei YamaguchiHiroaki HirataIkue ŌtaniYuriko YamaguchiCinematographyYoshitada IshiiMasaru SakanishiEdited byShinichi FukumitsuMusic byKōhei TanakaShirō HamaguchiDistributed byToei CompanyRelease date March 6, 2004...

 

Van Dyke (mango)

Mango cultivar Mangifera 'Van Dyke'Van Dyke mangoes at the Redland Summer Fruit Festival, Fruit and Spice Park, Homestead, FloridaGenusMangiferaSpeciesMangifera indicaHybrid parentage'Haden' x unknownCultivar'Van Dyke'OriginFlorida, US The 'Van Dyke' mango is a named commercial mango cultivar that originated in south Florida. History The original tree grew from a seed likely planted in the 1930s on the property of Mrs. Madeline Van Dyke in Miami, Florida.[1] For decades the parentage ...

Liste der Erinnerungssteine in Wien-Wieden

Die Stationen der Erinnerung in Wien-Wieden enthalten die Erinnerungssteine im Wiener Gemeindebezirk Wieden, die an das Schicksal der Menschen erinnern, die im Nationalsozialismus ermordet, deportiert, vertrieben oder in den Suizid getrieben wurden. Die Verlegung erfolgt durch den Verein Steine der Erinnerung mit Sitz in der Leopoldstadt, der Stein in der Belvederegasse 10 wurde vom Verein Steine des Gedenkens verlegt. Das Konzept der Wiener Erinnerungs- und Gedenksteine beruht auf dem der St...

 

List of U.S. state dogs

Official state dog breeds A map of the USA showing in red which states have a specified dog breed as an official symbol Thirteen states of the United States have designated an official state dog breed. Maryland was the first state to name a dog breed as a state symbol, naming the Chesapeake Bay Retriever in 1964.[1] Pennsylvania followed the year after, naming the Great Dane as its official breed.[2] Dog breeds are mostly affiliated with the states that they originated in. Nor...

 

Priyamaina Neeku

2001 film by Balasekaran Priyamaina NeekuPosterDirected byBalasekaranWritten byStory and screenplay:BalasekaranDialogues:Chintapalli RamanaProduced byR. B. ChoudaryStarringTarunSivajiSnehaPreethaCinematographyShyam K NaiduEdited byV. JaishankarMusic byShiva ShankarProductioncompanySuper Good FilmsRelease date 11 February 2001 (2001-02-11) CountryIndiaLanguageTelugu Priyamaina Neeku (transl. To You, My Dear) is a 2001 Indian Telugu-language romantic comedy film written and...

Departemen Cerro Largo

Departemen Cerro Largo BenderaLambang kebesaranNegara UruguayIbu kota DepartemenMeloPemerintahan • IntendanSergio Botana • Partai berkuasaPartido NacionalLuas • Total13,648 km2 (5,270 sq mi)Populasi (2011 census) • Total84.698 • Kepadatan6,200/km2 (16,000/sq mi)Demonimarachán, cerrolarguenseZona waktuUTC-3 (UYT)Kode ISO 3166UY-CLSitus webOfficial site The Historic site of the Old Posta del Chuy, ne...

 

Парк Джан Хюк

Парк Джан Хюк Загальна інформаціяГромадянство  Південна КореяНародження 31 жовтня 1998(1998-10-31) (25 років)Сеул, Південна Корея[1]Alma mater Корейський національний спортивний університетd[1]СпортКраїна  Південна КореяВид спорту ковзанярський спортДисципліна шорт-тр...

 

The Bronx discography

The Bronx discographyThe Bronx performing on the 2008 Warped TourStudio albums6Video albums1Music videos11EPs2Singles8Social Club singles3Other appearances3 The discography of The Bronx, a Los Angeles-based punk rock band, consists of six eponymously titled studio albums, two EPs, one DVD, eleven singles, two demos, and eleven music videos. This includes releases by the band's mariachi alter-ego Mariachi El Bronx. The Bronx formed in 2002 with an initial lineup of singer Matt Caughthran, guit...

Inha University in Tashkent

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Inha University in Tashkent – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (July 2015) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Inha University in TashkentTypeNational universityEstablishedOctober 4, 2014[1][2][3]RectorMuzaffa...

 

Ethnic nationalism

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Ethnic nationalism – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (August 2023) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Ethnic identity-based political ideology Part of a series onNationalism Nation forming Nationalism in the Middle Ages Anthem Chur...

 

Strategi Solo vs Squad di Free Fire: Cara Menang Mudah!