Jamalo-Nenško avtonomno okrožje

Jamalo-Nenško avtonomno okrožje
Ямало-Ненецкий автономный округ
Druge transkripcije
 • NenškoЯмалы-Ненёцие автономной ӈокрук
Zastava Jamalo-Nenško avtonomno okrožje
Zastava
Grb Jamalo-Nenško avtonomno okrožje
Grb
Himna: "Himna Jamalo-Nenškega avtonomnega okrožja"
[1]
Koordinati: 67°15′N 74°40′E / 67.250°N 74.667°E / 67.250; 74.667
DržavaRusija
Federalno okrožjeUralsko[2]
Ekonomska regijaZahodnosibirska[3]
Glavno mestoSalehard
Upravljanje
 • TeloZakonodajna skupščina[4]
 • Guverner[4]Dmitrij Artjuhov[5]
Površina
 • Skupaj769.250 km2
Rang6.
Prebivalstvo
 • Ocena 
(2018)[7]
538.547
Časovni pasUTC+5 (jekaterinburški čas Uredi to na Wikipodatkih[8])
Koda ISO 3166RU-YAN
Registrske tablice89
OKTMO ID71900000
Uradni jezikiruščina[9]
Spletna stranправительство.янао.рф

Jamalo-Nenško avtonomno okrožje (JaNAO; rusko Яма́ло-Не́нецкий автоно́мный о́круг (ЯНАО), latinizirano: Jamalo-Neneckij Avtonomnij Okrug (JaNAO); nenško Ямалы-Ненёцие автономной ӈокрук, latinizirano: Jamali-Nenjocije avtonomnoj ŋokruk) ali Jamalija (rusko Ямалия) je federalni subjekt Rusije in avtonomno okrožje Tjumenske oblasti. Njegov upravni center je v Salehardu, njegovo največje mesto pa je Novi Urengoj. Po popisu prebivalstva leta 2021 je imelo 510.490 prebivalcev.[11]

Avtonomno okrožje meji na vzhodu na Krasnojarski okraj, na jugu na Hanti-Mansijsko avtonomno okrožje in na zahodu na Nenško avtonomno okrožje ter republiko Komi.

Zahodnosibirsko nižavje je največje nahajališče nafte in zemeljskega plina na svetu in obsega območje okrog 2,2 mio km2 ter je tudi največji federalni subjekt po proizvodnji nafte in plina v Rusiji.[12] Po podatkih Novateka predstaljajo plinske rezerve v okrožju 80 % vseh ruskih rezerv zemeljskega plina in 15 % svetovnih rezerv.[13] Leta 2020 je Jamal proizvedel 20 % vsega ruskega zemeljskega plina, kar naj bi se do leta 2030 povčalo na 40 %.

Nenški ljudje so avtohtono pleme, ki živi na tem območju že dolgo. Ukvarjajo se z lovom in nabiralništvom, vključno z lovom na polarne medvede, praksa, ki se nadaljuje do dandanašnjih dni.[14]

Območje prekrivata arktična tajga in tundra, na njem pa so trije veliki polotoki: Jamal, Taz in Gidan. V okrožju je skoraj 300.000 jezer.

Skozi okrožje teče Ob, ki se izliva v Karsko morje.

Zgodovina

Okrožje je bilo ustanovljeno 10. decembra 1930.

Sklici

  1. Law #119-ZAO
  2. Президент Российской Федерации. Указ №849 от 13 мая 2000 г. «О полномочном представителе Президента Российской Федерации в федеральном округе». Вступил в силу 13 мая 2000 г. Опубликован: "Собрание законодательства РФ", No. 20, ст. 2112, 15 мая 2000 г. (President of the Russian Federation. Decree #849 of May 13, 2000 On the Plenipotentiary Representative of the President of the Russian Federation in a Federal District. Effective as of May 13, 2000.).
  3. Госстандарт Российской Федерации. №ОК 024-95 27 декабря 1995 г. «Общероссийский классификатор экономических регионов. 2. Экономические районы», в ред. Изменения №5/2001 ОКЭР. (Gosstandart of the Russian Federation. #OK 024-95 December 27, 1995 Russian Classification of Economic Regions. 2. Economic Regions, as amended by the Amendment #5/2001 OKER. ).
  4. 4,0 4,1 Charter of Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Article 11
  5. Official website of Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug. Dmitry Nikolayevich Kobylkin, Governor of Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug Arhivirano 2018-08-01 na Wayback Machine. (rusko)
  6. Федеральная служба государственной статистики (Federal State Statistics Service) (21. maj 2004). »Территория, число районов, населённых пунктов и сельских администраций по субъектам Российской Федерации (Territory, Number of Districts, Inhabited Localities, and Rural Administration by Federal Subjects of the Russian Federation. Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2002) (v ruščini). Federal State Statistics Service. Pridobljeno 1. novembra 2011.
  7. »26. Численность постоянного населения Российской Федерации по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2018 года«. Zvezna državna statistična služba. Pridobljeno 23. januarja 2019.
  8. »Об исчислении времени«. Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (v ruščini). 3. junij 2011. Pridobljeno 19. januarja 2019.
  9. Uradni jezik v vsej Ruski federaciji glede na Člen 68.1 Ustave Rusije.
  10. Charter of Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Article 1
  11. Napaka pri navajanju: Neveljavna oznaka <ref>; sklici, poimenovani 2021Census, ne vsebujejo besedila (glej stran pomoči).
  12. Ulmishek, Gregory F. »West Siberian Oil Basin«. PetroNeft Resources Plc. Pridobljeno 29. januarja 2022.
  13. »Пресс-релизы и мероприятия: Сообщение ПАО "НОВАТЭК" в отношении танкеров ледового класса Arc7« [Press releases and events: Communication from PAO NOVATEK regarding Arc7 ice class tankers]. Novatek website. Moscow. 22. oktober 2019. Arhivirano iz prvotnega spletišča dne 22. oktobra 2019. Pridobljeno 4. januarja 2020.
  14. C. Michael Hogan (2008) Polar Bear: Ursus maritimus, Globaltwitcher.com, ed. Nicklas Stromberg Arhivirano 2008-12-24 na Wayback Machine.

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