Teufik-paša

Teufik-paša
Teufikov portret
Egipatski kediv
Vladavina 1879. - 1892.
Prethodnik Ismail-paša
Nasljednik Abas II
Supruga Emina Ilhami
Djeca Abas II, Muhamed Ali Teufik, Nazli Hanim, Kadija Hanim, Nimatula Hanim
Dinastija Muhameda Alija
Otac Ismail-paša
Majka Šafak Nur Hanim
Rođenje 30. april 1852.
Kairo
Smrt 7. januar 1892.
Helvan

Teufik-paša znan i kao Muhamed Teufik-paša (Kairo, 30. april 1852 - Helvan, 7. januar 1892.) bio je Egipatski kediv koji je vladao od 1879. do 1892.[1]

Njegova vladavina ostala je upamćena kao prva faza britanske okupacije Egipta.[1]

Biografija

Teufik je rođen kao najstariji sin Ismail-paše, od ostalih članova svoje familije razlikovao se po tom što je školovan u Egiptu, a ne u Evropi. Nakon tog je obavljao brojne poslove u Državnoj administraciji, između ostalog bio je šef tajnog savjeta i predsjedavajući Ministarskog savjeta.[1]

Kad se pokazao dovoljno čvrstim da ne podilazi olako interesima Evropskih velesila, Osmanski sultan postavio je Teufika 1879. za kediva.[1]

Kako nije imao neku naročitu podršku u zemlji, bio je prisiljen udovoljavati zahtjevima svojih političkih protivnika. To se naročito odnosilo na grupu egipatskih oficira okupljenih oko Ahmeda Urabija koja je stekla velik utjecaj, pa je on 1882. morao postaviti Urabija za ministra rata. Urabi se nije time zadovoljio, već je otvoreno agitirao protiv Taufika i njegove probritanske administracije, pa su širom Egipta nikle bune obespravljenih seljaka i običnih građana. Taufik je bespomoćno gledao kako mu vlast izmiče kontroli, zbog tog je Britanska mornarica u julu 1882 bombardirala Aleksandriju, što je samo dolilo ulje na vatru i povećalo Urabījevu popularnost u narodu, pa je Taufik zatražio zaštitu od Britanaca.[1]

Britanska armija je tog augusta izvršila invaziju na Egipat i vratila Taufika na tron. Nakon tog je Taufik bio marioneta u rukama okupacijskih vlasti, naročito britanskog generalnog konzula Evelyna Baringa (kasnijeg lorda Cromera).U posljednjim godinama svoje vladavine pokušao je reformirati pravni sistem, formirao je skupštinu i zakonodavni savjet i pokrenuo neke projekte za navodnjavanje u poljoprivredi.[1]

Umro je neočekivano - 1892., kad se iznenada razbolio u Helvanu.[1]

Izvori

  1. ↑ 1,0 1,1 1,2 1,3 1,4 1,5 1,6 „Muḥammad Tawfīq Pasha, khedive of Egypt” (engleski). Encyclopædia Britannica. Pristupljeno 9.07.2020. 

Vanjske veze

Prethodnik: Egipatski kediv (1879. - 1892.) Nasljednik:
Ismail-paša Abas II

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