Mletačko-bizantski rat (1122–1126)

Mletačko-bizantski rat (1122-1126)
Segment Komnenske restauracije
Datum 1122 - 1126
Lokacija Jadransko more, Egejsko more
Casus belli odbijanje novog bizantskog cara da potvrdi Zlatnu bulu svog prethodnika
Ishod mletačka pobjeda
nova Zlatna bula
Sukobljene strane
Republika Venecija Bizantsko Carstvo
Komandanti i vođe
Domenico Michiel Jovan II Komnen
Snage
71 galija i drugih brodova nepoznata

Mletačko-bizantski rat 1122 - 1126. godine se vodio između Republike Venecije na jednoj, i Bizantskog Carstva na drugoj strani. Venecija i Bizant su prethodnih nekoliko decenija bili saveznici, a pogotovo pod vlašću cara Aleksija I Komnena koji je Mlečanima, u znak zahvalnosti za njihovu pomoć u borbi sa Normanima, izdao Zlatnu bulu sa izdašnim trgovačkim povlasticama. Kada je godine 1118. na prijestolje došao novi car Jovan II Komnen, on je objavio kako Zlatnu bulu više neće primjenjivati; umjesto toga je Bizant počeo tražiti savez sa mletačkim suparnicima u Pisi i Genovi. Mletački dužd Domenico Michiel je nakon neuspjelih pokušaja da obnovu Zlatne bule ishodi diplomatskim putem, odlučio pokrenuti veliku pomorsku ekspediciju protiv Bizanta. Kao izgovor je, između ostalog, iskoristio i zarobljavanje jeruzalemskog kralja Balduina II od strane Saracena; mletačka flota se zaputila na istok pod krinkom pomoći križarskim državama. Godine 1122. je bez uspjeha pokušala zauzeti Krf, ali je sljedeće godine došla u Egejsko more te osvojila i opljačkala Hios, Lezbos i Rodos. Potom je nastavila na istok i pružila pomoć križarima u opsadi Tira, a što je rezultiralo sporazumom Pactum Warmundi. Godine 1125. se mletačka flota vratila u Egej, te zauzela Samos i Andros, a potom došla u Jadran, gdje je mađarski kralj Stjepan II zauzeo mletačke posjede na obali Dalmacije. Godine 1126. su Mlečani zauzeli Metoni i Kefaloniju. To je Jovana II konačno nagnalo da započne mirovne pregovore. Njihov rezultat je bila nova Zlatna bula, kojom su Mlečanima još povećane nekadašnje trgovačke povlastice. Rezultat rata je bila početak uspostave mletačke pomorske hegemonije nad Istočnim Mediteranom. Sukob s Bizantom je, usprkos toga, nastavio tinjati te ponovno izbio nepuna pola vijeka kasnije.

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