Judenburg

Judenburg
Panorama grada na Muri
Panorama grada na Muri
Panorama grada na Muri
Koordinate: 47°10′N 14°40′E / 47.167°N 14.667°E / 47.167; 14.667
Država  Austrija
Savezna zemlja Štajerska
Okrug (bezirk) Murtal
Vlast
 - gradonačelnik Hannes Dolleschall
Površina
 - Urbano područje 63.76 km²[1]
Visina 737[2]
Stanovništvo (2014.)
 - Urbano područje 10,072[1]
 - Urbana gustoća 158 stan./km²[1]
Vremenska zona UTC+1 (UTC+2)
Poštanski broj 8750
Pozivni broj 03572
Službene stranice
www.judenburg
Karta
Judenburg na mapi Austrije
Judenburg
Judenburg

Judenburg je grad u sredini Austrije od 10,072 stanovnika[1], on je i administrativni i privredni centar Okruga Murtal i važno transportno čvorište između Seetalskih Alpa i doline Mure.[2]

Geografske karakteristike

Judenburg leži na jugu Gornje Štajerske, u dolini rijeke Mure, koja se tu zove Aichfeld.[2]

Historija

Judenburg je prvi put spomenut u dokumentima 1074. pod imenom Judinburch. Do 1240. uspio je dobiti status trgovišta i podići dio gradskih bedema i toranj, tako da je 1277. dobio status grada,[2]

Za srednjeg vijeka bio je jedan od najvećih štajerskih trgovačkih centara za željezo i sol i promet sa Venecijom. U to vrijeme podignut je i zamak, u kom je kasnije djelovala slikarsko - kiparska škola, u kojoj su djelovali majstori kao Hans von Judenburg, Wölfl der Maler i brojni drugi.[2]

Judenburg se od 16. vijeka razvio u metalurški centar, tako da je tokom 19. vijeka imao brojne vodeničke kovačnice, koje su proizvodile tada vrlo tražene kose. Prva čeličana podignuta je 1906.[2]

Znamenitosti

Najveća znamenitost Judenburga i njegov simbol je gotovo 76 metara visok toranj, čija je izgradnja započela u 15. vijeku. Orginalno je podignut kao zvonik za nedaleku parohijsku crkvu sv Nikole, koja ga nije imala.[2] Kasnije je korišten i kao vatrogasna osmatračnica, ali kako je u 19. vijeku, bilo puno požara, i on je gorio, tako da je njegov današnji izgled rezultat obnove nakon posljednjeg velikog požara - 1840. Danas se na njegovom platou na visini od 50 m, nalazi jedan od najmodernijih evropskih opservatorija.[2]

Pored tog to je i parohijska crkva podignuta nakon 1413., prvi put proširivana 1478., a nakon tog i od 1504. -37. Ona je nakon 1670. potpuno obnovljena u baroknom stilu i restaurirana od 1899. do 1902. U njoj se nalazi kamena skulptura Madonne (oko 1420.- 1425.) rad domaćeg majstora Hans von Judenburga.[2]

Privreda

Judenburg je i danas metalurški centar, sa dva velika poduzeća iz te branše; čeličanom Stahl Judenburg GmbH i tvornica opruga Styria Federn GmbH. Pored tog grad ima i tvornicu sapuna, kartona i plastičnih brtvila.[2]

Pobratimski gradovi

Judenburg je član udruženja Evropske Unije - Douzelage, u kojoj su zasad 27 gradova, pa je zbratimljen sa 26 grada.[3]

Izvori

  1. 1,0 1,1 1,2 1,3 „Austria: Steiermark” (engleski). City population. Pristupljeno 16. 02. 2016. 
  2. 2,00 2,01 2,02 2,03 2,04 2,05 2,06 2,07 2,08 2,09 Judenburg (njemački). Austria-Forum. Pristupljeno 16. 02. 2016. 
  3. „Douzelage.org” (engleski). Douzelage.org. Arhivirano iz originala na datum 2010-02-17. Pristupljeno 16. 02. 2016. 

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