Сульфид аммония

Сульфид аммония
Общие
Систематическое
наименование
сульфид аммония
Хим. формула (NH4)2S
Рац. формула (NH4)2S
Физические свойства
Состояние желтые кристаллы
Молярная масса 68.154 г/моль
Плотность 0.997 г/см³
Химические свойства
Растворимость
 • в 128.1 г/100 мл
Классификация
Рег. номер CAS 12135-76-1
PubChem
Рег. номер EINECS 235-223-4
SMILES
InChI
RTECS BS4900000
ChemSpider
Безопасность
NFPA 704
NFPA 704 four-colored diamondОгнеопасность 3: Жидкости и твёрдые вещества, способные воспламеняться почти при температуре внешней среды. Температура вспышки между 23 °C (73 °F) и 38 °C (100 °F)Опасность для здоровья 3: Кратковременное воздействие может привести к серьёзным временным или умеренным остаточным последствиям (например, хлор, серная кислота)Реакционноспособность 2: Подвергается серьёзным химическим изменениям при повышенной температуре и давлении, бурно реагирует с водой или может образовывать взрывчатые смеси с водой (например, фосфор, калий, натрий)Специальный код W: Реагирует с водой необычным или опасным образом (например, цезий, натрий, рубидий)
3
3
2
Приведены данные для стандартных условий (25 °C, 100 кПа), если не указано иное.

Сульфид аммония — соль с формулой (NH4)2S.

Химические свойства

Сульфид аммония, будучи солью слабого основания и слабой кислоты, разлагается водой следующим образом:

(NH4)2S → 2NH4+ + S2-

NH4+ + H2O ↔ NH3·H2O + H+

S2- + H2O ↔ HS- + OH-

Образуется слабодиссоциированный анион HS- и растворенный в воде аммиак. Именно поэтому в таблице растворимости это вещество помечено прочерком.

Получение

Сульфид аммония получают по реакции сероводорода с избытком аммиака:

H2S + 2 NH3 → (NH4)2S

Применение

Аммония сульфид иногда используется в фотографии для проявления, для патинирования бронзы и в текстильной промышленности.

Безопасность

Смешивание аммония сульфида с водой опасно, так как при этом выделяется токсичный сероводород.


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