Álcool benzílico

Álcool benzílico
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Nome IUPAC Fenilmetanol, álcool benzílico [1]
Outros nomes Fenilcarbinol
Identificadores
Número CAS 100-51-6
SMILES
Propriedades
Fórmula molecular C7H8O
Massa molar 108.14 g/mol
Densidade 1.044 g/cm3
Ponto de fusão

-15 °C

Ponto de ebulição

205 °C

Riscos associados
MSDS ScienceLab.com
NFPA 704
1
1
0
 
Ponto de fulgor 101°C (374 K)
LD50 1250 mg/kg (rato, oral)
Compostos relacionados
Outros aniões/ânions Benzilamina
Fluoreto de benzila
Benzil mercaptano
Compostos relacionados Ácido benzoico
Benzaldeído
Tolueno
Cresol
2-Feniletanol
Acetato de benzila
Álcool salicílico (álcool 2-hidroxibenzílico)
Página de dados suplementares
Estrutura e propriedades n, εr, etc.
Dados termodinâmicos Phase behaviour
Solid, liquid, gas
Dados espectrais UV, IV, RMN, EM
Exceto onde denotado, os dados referem-se a
materiais sob condições normais de temperatura e pressão

Referências e avisos gerais sobre esta caixa.
Alerta sobre risco à saúde.

Álcool benzílico é um composto orgânico com a fórmula C6H5CH2OH. O grupo benzila é comumente abreviado "Bn", então temos BnOH, para o álcool benzílico. O álcool benzílico é um líquido incolor com um medianamente agradável odor aromático.

Ocorrência e preparação

É um constituinte natural de uma variedade de óleos essenciais incluindo jasmim, jacinto, e ylang-ylang.[2] Álcool benzílico é também um solvente usual devido a sua polaridade, baixa toxicidade, e baixa pressão de vapor.

Álcool benzílico é parcialmente solúvel em água (4 g/100 ml) e completamente solúvel em álcoois e éter dietílico. É preparado pela hidrólise de cloreto de benzila usando hidróxido de sódio:

C6H5CH2Cl + NaOH → C6H5CH2OH + NaCl

Ele também pode ser preparado via a reação de Grignard por reagir brometo de fenilmagnésio (C6H5MgBr) com formaldeído, seguido por acidificação. Como muitos álcoois, reage com ácidos carboxílicos para formar ésteres.

Aplicações

Álcool benzílico é usado como um solvente geral para tintas, lacas e revestimentos a base de resinas epóxi.[3] É também um precursor para uma variedade de ésteres, usados em sabões, perfumes, e flavorizantes, assim como na síntese de fármacos. Exibe propriedades bacteriostáticas e antipruriginosas. É usado também em fotografia.

Usos ilustrativos em síntese orgânica

Em síntese orgânica, ésteres benzílicos são grupos protetores populares porque eles podem ser removidos por suave hidrogenólise.[4]

BnOH reage com acrilonitrila resultando em N-benzilacrilamida. Isto é um exemplo de uma reação de Ritter:[5]

C6H5CH2OH + NCCHCH2 → C6H5CH2N(H)C(O)CHCH2

Usos em nanotecnologia

Álcool benzílico tem sido usado como um solvente dielétrico para a reconfiguração dieletroforética de nanofios.[6]

Ligações externas

Referências

  1. Pubchem. «benzyl alcohol». pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (em inglês). Consultado em 27 de setembro de 2017 
  2. Merck Index, 11th Edition, 1138.
  3. «Benzyl alcohol at chemicalland21.com». Consultado em 29 de Março de 2008. Arquivado do original em 21 de Abril de 2009 
  4. Furuta, K.; Gao, Q.-Z.; Yamamoto, H. (1998). «Chiral (Acyloxy)borane Complex-Catalyzed Asymmetric Diels-Alder Reaction: (1R)-1,3,4-Trimethyl-3-Cyclohexene-1-Carboxaldehyde». Org. Synth. ; Coll. Vol., 9 
  5. Parris, C. L. (1973). «N-benzylacrylamide». Org. Synth. ; Coll. Vol., 5 
  6. Alexander Wissner-Gross (19 de outubro de 2006). «Nanowires get reconfigured». Nanotechweb.org. Consultado em 29 de Março de 2008. Arquivado do original em 22 de Maio de 2007 
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