Istòria de Letònia

Istòria de Letònia
Edat dau Fèrre
Edat Mejana
Edat Modèrna
Edat Contemporanèa
Cronología de Letonia

Conegut principalament coma Livònia, l'airal qu'ocupa ara Letònia èra jos l'influéncia dels Germans d'Espasa alemands a partir del sègle XIII. Çaquelà, dins los sègles XVIII e XIX, Russia prenguèt lo contraròtle de Letònia e de las regions vesinas. Amb Russia devastada per la Revolucion e la Primièra Guèrra Mondiala, Letònia declarèt son independéncia en novembre de 1918. Aqueste periòde de l'independéncia durèt pauc, quand l'Union Sovietica annexèt lo país lo 17 de junh de 1940 amb lo pacte de Molotov-Ribbentrop del 23 d'agost de 1939. Durant lo periòde sovietic, Letònia recebèt lo nom de Republica Socialista Sovietica de Letònia.

A l'excepcion d'un brèu periòde d'ocupacion alemanda durant la Segonda Guèrra Mondiala, Letònia demorèt un territòri sovietic fins que las reformas del comunisme sovietic coma la glasnost estimulèsson lo movement d'independéncia leton, e Letònia retrobèt son independéncia lo 21 d'agost de 1991. Dempuèi, a renforçat sas relacions amb l'oèst e es venguda un membre tant de l'OTAN coma de l'Union Europèa en 2004.

Lo 20 de setembre de 2003 foguèt aprovada per referendum (69,6 % dels letons, aproximativament 1,4 milions) l'adesion de lor país a l'Union Europèa coma o avián ja fach Lituània e Estònia. L'entrada oficiala aguèt luòc en mai de 2004.

Carta de la Comunautat Polonesa-Lituaniana amb sas subdivisions, en 1619.

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