Saint-Étienne

Saint-Étienne

Flagg

Våpen

LandFrankrikes flagg Frankrike
RegionAuvergne-Rhône-Alpes
DepartementLoire
KantonChief town of 9 cantons
StatusKommune
Ligger vedLoire[1]
Elva Furan
Postnummer42100
Areal79,97 kvadratkilometer[2]
Befolkning172 718[3] (2021)
Bef.tetthet2 159,78 innb./kvadratkilometer
Høyder
 – Høyeste
 – Laveste
1117
422
Høyde o.h.516 meter
Nettsidewww.saint-etienne.fr
Kart
Saint-Étienne
45°26′02″N 4°23′23″Ø
Saint-Étienne på Commons

Saint-Étienne er en kommune i departementet Loire i regionen Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes sentralt i den østlige delen av Frankrike, 60 km sørvest for Lyon. Byen er prefecture (hovedstad) i departement Loire i Massif Central.

Byen har et folketall på omtrent 180 000, mens storbyområdet i en folketelling i 1999 hadde 321 702 innbyggere. Innbyggere i Saint-Étienne kalles stéphanois på fransk. De har fått dette navnet fordi «Etienne» er den franske utgaven av det greske navnet Stephanos.

Geografi

Byen ligger ved hovedveien mellom Toulouse og Lyon som går gjennom Massif Central.

Historie

På 1500-tallet hadde Saint-Étienne en våpenfabrikk, som gjorde byen til en viktig plass, men fra 1600-tallet ble det også laget sløyfer og dekorativ utsmykking her. Under den franske revolusjonen ble byen kalt Armeville («Våpenbyen») på grunn av våpenfabrikken. Senere ble gruvedrift etter kull en viktig næring i byen, og i nyere tid er byen kjent for produksjon av sykler. Saint-Étienne ble sete for et postkontor fra 1825 og fra 1832 en radiolinjestasjon. Byen utviklet seg ikke i særlig grad før på 1800-tallet.

Den første halvdelen av 1800-tallet var byen den viktigste byen i et arrondissement i departement Loire, med et folketall i 1832 på 19 672. Da industrien kom til byen steg folketallet raskt til 110 000 i 1880. Det var denne veksten som gjorde at byen ble prefecture 25. juli 1855.

Utdanning

Referanser

  1. ^ Sandre, www.sandre.eaufrance.fr[Hentet fra Wikidata]
  2. ^ répertoire géographique des communes, Institut national de l'information géographique et forestière, Wikidata Q20894925, https://geoservices.ign.fr/documentation/diffusion/index.html 
  3. ^ (på fr) Populations légales 2021, INSEE, 28. desember 2023, Wikidata Q124036546, https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/7728826 

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