수산화 마그네슘

수산화 마그네슘
Magnesium hydroxide
Magnesium hydroxide
이름
IUPAC 이름
Magnesium hydroxide
별칭
Magnesium dihydroxide
Milk of magnesia
식별자
3D 모델 (JSmol)
ChEBI
ChEMBL
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.013.792
EC 번호
  • 215-170-3
E 번호 E528 (산도 조절제, ...)
485572
RTECS 번호
  • OM3570000
UNII
  • InChI=1S/Mg.2H2O/h;2*1H2/q+2;;/p-2 예
    Key: VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 예
  • InChI=1/Mg.2H2O/h;2*1H2/q+2;;/p-2
    Key: VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-NUQVWONBAW
  • [Mg+2].[OH-].[OH-]
성질
Mg(OH)2
몰 질량 58.3197 g/mol
겉보기 White solid
냄새 Odorless
밀도 2.3446 g/cm3
녹는점 350 °C (662 °F; 623 K) decomposes
  • 0.00064 g/100 mL (25 °C)
  • 0.004 g/100 mL (100 °C)
5.61×10−12
−22.1·10−6 cm3/mol
1.559[1]
구조
Hexagonal, hP3[2]
P3m1 No. 164
a = 0.312 nm, c = 0.473 nm
열화학
77.03 J/mol·K
64 J·mol−1·K−1[3]
−924.7 kJ·mol−1[3]
−833.7 kJ/mol
약리학
A02AA04 (WHO) G04BX01
위험
물질 안전 보건 자료 External MSDS
GHS 그림문자 GHS07: Harmful[4]
신호어 경고[4]
H315, H319, H335[4]
P261, P280, P305+351+338, P304+340, P405, P501[4]
NFPA 704 (파이어 다이아몬드)
NFPA 704 four-colored diamondFlammability code 0: Will not burn. E.g. waterHealth code 1: Exposure would cause irritation but only minor residual injury. E.g. turpentineReactivity code 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g. liquid nitrogenSpecial hazards (white): no code
0
1
0
인화점 Non-flammable
반수 치사량 또는 반수 치사농도 (LD, LC):
8500 mg/kg (rat, oral)
관련 화합물
다른 음이온
Magnesium oxide
다른 양이온
달리 명시된 경우를 제외하면, 표준상태(25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa)에서 물질의 정보가 제공됨.
아니오아니오 확인 (관련 정보 예아니오아니오 ?)

수산화 마그네슘(Magnesium hydroxide)은 약염기 이온결합 물질이다. 수산화 마그네슘은 물에 대한 용해도가 매우 낮아 물에 혼합하게 되면 용액이 과포화되어 우유와 흡사하게 하얀빛을 띈다. 이 때문에 '마그네시아의 우유'라는 별칭이 있다. 주로 제산제의 주성분으로 사용하며, 엽산, 칼륨 흡수를 방해한다. 수산화 마그네슘 암석은 수활석이라고 한다.[5]

제법

마그네슘 염에 수산화 알칼리를 작용시켜 콜로이드 형태로 침전되는 수산화 마그네슘을 얻는다.

Mg2+ (aq) + 2 OH (aq) → Mg(OH)2 (s)

공업적으로는 수활석에서 채취하거나 해수로부터 반응시켜 대량으로 생산한다.

용도

의학적 용도

수산화 마그네슘 현탁액은 주로 제산제나 설사약으로 사용된다. 또, 칼륨 흡수를 억제하기 때문에 고칼륨증 치료에도 사용하나 그 외 용도에 사용할 때 부작용으로 저칼륨증과 근육통을 야기할 수 있다. .[6] 또한, 겨드랑이 냄새 탈취제로도 사용하며,[7] 국소적 구내염구강 궤양에 사용하기도 한다.[8] 과다 복용시 고 마그네슘증의 위험이 있다.

산업적 용도

수산화 마그네슘은 인체에 무해하기 때문에 산성 폐수를 중화하는데 사용한다. 또한, 수산화 칼슘과 함께 산호를 이루는 주성분이기에 인공 산호를 제조하는데 사용된다. 그리고 흡열 분해점이 332 ° C로 높기 때문에 다른 물질, 반응에 첨가시 발화점을 높히고 연기가 적게 나게 한다.

Mg(OH)2 (s) → MgO (s) + H2O (g)

또한, 연소시 산소를 흡수하고 물을 생성하여 가연성 물질을 제거하기 때문에 화재 방지용으로 플라스틱 제품, 지붕등에 코팅하기도 한다.[9][10][11][12]

신진 대사

수산화 마그네슘은 복용양에 따라 사용 목적이 나뉜다.

성인 복용 기준으로 0.5g ~ 1.5g의 수산화 마그네슘을 복용하게 되면, 다음과 같은 반응이 일어나 위액 속 염산을 중화시킨다.

Mg(OH)2 (s) + 2HCl (aq)→ MgCl2 (aq) + 2H2O (l)

이 보다 많은 2g ~ 5g을 섭취 할 경우, 중화 되고 남은 다량의 수산화 마그네슘이 주변 소화관에 흡수되어 농도를 높히고, 삼투압 현상으로 인해 소화관이 주변 세포조직으로부터 물을 흡수하게끔 만든다. 그 결과, 연동운동이 활발해지며 대변을 부드럽게 한다. 남은 수산화 마그네슘은 소장에 일부 흡수된다. 이 과정에서 신부전증을 앓고 있는 환자는 혈변 증상을 일으킬 수도 있다.

각주

  1. Pradyot Patnaik. Handbook of Inorganic Chemicals. McGraw-Hill, 2002, ISBN 0-07-049439-8
  2. Toshiaki Enoki and Ikuji Tsujikawa (1975). “Magnetic Behaviours of a Random Magnet, NipMg(1-p)(OH2)”. 《J. Phys. Soc. Jpn.》 39 (2): 317–323. doi:10.1143/JPSJ.39.317. 
  3. Zumdahl, Steven S. (2009). 《Chemical Principles 6th Ed.》. Houghton Mifflin Company. A22쪽. ISBN 978-0-618-94690-7. 
  4. “Magnesium Hydroxide”. American Elements. 2019년 5월 9일에 확인함. 
  5. “Magnesium Hydroxide”. University of Michigan. 2007년 1월 9일. 2011년 1월 16일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2015년 1월 10일에 확인함. 
  6. Magnesium Hydroxide – Revolution Health
  7. “Milk of Magnesia Makes Good Antiperspirant”. 2007년 4월 2일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2015년 1월 10일에 확인함. 
  8. Canker sores, 2/1/2009
  9. Hollingbery, LA; Hull TR (2010). “The Fire Retardant Behaviour of Huntite and Hydromagnesite - A Review”. 《Polymer Degradation and Stability》 95 (12): 2213–2225. doi:10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2010.08.019. 
  10. Hollingbery, LA; Hull TR (2012). “The Fire Retardant Effects of Huntite in Natural Mixtures with Hydromagnesite”. 《Polymer Degradation and Stability》 97 (4): 504–512. doi:10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2012.01.024. 
  11. Hollingbery, LA; Hull TR (2012). “The Thermal Decomposition of Natural Mixtures of Huntite and Hydromagnesite”. 《Thermochimica Acta》 528: 45–52. doi:10.1016/j.tca.2011.11.002. 
  12. Hull, TR; Witkowski A; Hollingbery LA (2011). “Fire Retardant Action of Mineral Fillers”. 《Polymer Degradation and Stability》 96 (8): 1462–1469. doi:10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2011.05.006. 

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