Тоқылдақ (аспап)

Тоқылдақ аспабы – дәстүрлі, ұрмалы және жаңғырықты, қазақ аспабы. Ол басқа аспаптар сияқты, 19 ғасыр шамамен қолданылуын бастады және қазір де жасалып, қолданылуда.

Құрылысы және қолданылуы

Тоқылдақ көбіне ағаштан және көркемдеуіш қазақ оюларымен безендіріліп жасалады. Оның беті тегіс әрі жалпақ, пішіні көлемді тіктөртбұрышқа, ромбқа, шаршыға ұқсас түрлері кездеседі. Оның ұшын сүйрелете жасайды және оның ернеуі неғұрлым жұқа болса, дауыстың әсерлілігі де арта түседі деген ұғым бар. Аспаптың ішіне немесе сыртына ілулі тұрған - металл, дөңгелек шарлар арқылы дыбыс одан әрі әсемірек шығарылады. Шарларды құралдың ішіне енгізу үшін арнайы саңылаулар ойып алынады. Осы аспапқа жақсы дауыс беру үшін оны тек жай қолмен емес, арнайы ағаш балғасымен немесе тоқылдаққа ілінген допшасымен ұру қажет.

Шертпешілер мен жасалыну тарихы

Осы аспап көмегімен Нұрғиса Тілендиев, Дина сияқты шертпешілердің кейбір әуендері орындалған. Жалпы, Музыкалық аспап жасау шеберлері Оразғазы Бейсембаев пен Абузар Аухадиев көне аспаптардың біраз түрлерін жаңартып жасап шығарды. Шеберлер Қ.Қасымов, А.Ермеков, Э.И.Романенко, О.Бейсенбаев, А.Ауқадиев, т.б. музыкалық аспаптардың алғашқы үлгілерін жасады, яғни олар тоқылдақтың біраз дамуына және түрленуіне үлес қосқан деп айтуға болады.

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