Reazione di Bosch

La reazione di Bosch è una reazione chimica tra anidride carbonica ed idrogeno che produce carbonio sotto forma di grafite, acqua e calore.

La reazione complessiva è così:

CO2(g) + 2H2(g) → C(s) + 2H2O(l)

Essa è in realtà il risultato di due reazioni. La prima è la più rapida:

CO2 + H2 → CO + H2O

La seconda controlla la velocità di reazione:

CO + H2 → C + H2O

La reazione sopra produce 2,3×103 - J per ogni grammo di carbonio prodotto a 650 °C (923 K). La temperatura della reazione va da 450 a 600 °C (da 723 a 873 K).

La reazione può essere accelerata in presenza di un catalizzatore di ferro, cobalto o nichel. Anche il rutenio può servire per accelerare la reazione. La produzione di carbonio tende a sporcare la superficie del catalizzatore, il che è dannoso per il rendimento della reazione.

La reazione di Bosch è, insieme alla reazione di Sabatier, studiata come un possibile modo per rimuovere l'anidride carbonica e generare acqua pulita a bordo di una stazione spaziale.[1]

La reazione è anche usata per produrre grafite per il metodo del carbonio-14.

È chiamata così in onore del chimico tedesco Carl Bosch.

Note

  Portale Chimica: il portale della scienza della composizione, delle proprietà e delle trasformazioni della materia

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