Provincia di Alajuela

Provincia di Alajuela
provincia
(ES) Provincia de Alajuela
Provincia di Alajuela – Stemma
Provincia di Alajuela – Bandiera
Localizzazione
StatoCosta Rica (bandiera) Costa Rica
Amministrazione
CapoluogoAlajuela
Territorio
Coordinate
del capoluogo
10°01′N 84°13′W
Altitudine71 m s.l.m.
Superficie9 757,93[1] km²
Abitanti876 073 (2010)
Densità89,78 ab./km²
Cantoni15
Distretti107
Altre informazioni
Fuso orarioUTC-6
ISO 3166-2CR-A
Cartografia
Provincia di Alajuela – Localizzazione
Provincia di Alajuela – Localizzazione

La provincia di Alajuela, in Costa Rica, è la seconda per numero di abitanti e per importanza. La provincia confina a nord con il Nicaragua, ad est con la provincia di Heredia, a sud con la provincia di San José, ad ovest con quella di Guanacaste e a sudovest con la provincia di Puntarenas.

Geografia

Il capoluogo della provincia, Alajuela si estende sul versante occidentale del Valle Centrale, e costituisce la propaggine naturale dell'agglomerato urbano di San José.

La provincia è una delle più estese del paese; le altitudini variano da 92 m s.l.m. ai 2.704 m della sua cima più alta, il vulcano Poás.

La Cordigliera Vulcanica Centrale, la Cordigliera di Tilarán e la Cordigliera di Guanacaste costituiscono i principali rilievi della provincia. Due sono i vulcani attivi: il vulcano Arenal e il Poás, quest'ultimo è uno dei pochi vulcani in attività che è possibile visitare spingendosi sino all'orlo del cratere principale (che ha un diametro di un chilometro e profondità di 314 metri). Sul fondo del cratere sono attive alcune fumarole e una debole attività geiseriana.

Anche il profilo climatico è assai vario; la biodiversità della provincia è notevole: a pochi chilometri di distanza cambiano completamente la flora e la fauna. Le temperature medie provinciali oscillano comunque tra i 23° e i 26° tutto l'anno; per questo motivo il National Geographic ha definito il clima di Atenas come il migliore clima del mondo.

Economia

L'economia della provincia si basa sulla produzione di caffè, canna da zucchero, zucchero, riso, fagioli, mais, frutta e ortaggi in genere. Mano mano che aumenta l'altitudine le colture arboree tropicali e subtropicali (mango, papaya), lasciano spazio a quelle più temperate (pesche, susine, agrumi e perfino mele).

La provincia di Alajuela ospita l'aeroporto internazionale Juan Santamaría, il principale del paese.

Ambiente

Numerose sono molte sono le aree protette, fra le quali il Parco nazionale del vulcano Poás e il Parco nazionale Juan Castro Blanco, la riserva nazionale di fauna silvestre Caño Negro, oltre a numerose altre riserve faunistiche.

Luoghi di interesse

Oltre ai percorsi naturalistici, nel territorio provinciale si trovano alcuni centri abitati storici fra i quali San Ramón, Zarcero e Sarchí, questi ultimi conosciuti per la produzione di artigianato in legno (carriuole dipinte a mano) e l'arte topiaria.

Geografia antropica

Suddivisioni amministrative

La provincia di Alajuela è divisa in 15 cantoni:

Note

  1. ^ (EN) Gwillim Law, Provinces of Costa Rica, su Statoids.com. URL consultato il 18 aprile 2012.

Altri progetti

Collegamenti esterni

  • Immagini di Alajuela, su costaricaiswaitingforyou.com. URL consultato il 6 maggio 2006 (archiviato dall'url originale il 10 ottobre 2006).
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