Paul Doumer

Paul Doumer

13º Presidente della Repubblica francese
Durata mandato13 giugno 1931 –
7 maggio 1932
Capo del governoPierre Laval
André Tardieu
PredecessoreGaston Doumergue
SuccessoreAlbert Lebrun

Presidente del Senato
Durata mandato14 gennaio 1927 –
9 giugno 1931
PredecessoreJustin de Selves
SuccessoreAlbert Lebrun

Presidente della Camera dei deputati
Durata mandato10 gennaio 1905 –
31 maggio 1906
PredecessoreHenri Brisson
SuccessoreHenri Brisson

Dati generali
Partito politicoIndipendente
FirmaFirma di Paul Doumer
Paul Doumer d'Andorra
S.A. Coprincipe d'ufficio del
Principato di Andorra
In carica13 giugno 1931 –
7 maggio 1932
PredecessoreGaston Doumergue d'Andorra
SuccessoreAlbert Lebrun d'Andorra
Nome completoPaul Doumer
Altri titoliPresidente della Repubblica francese
NascitaAurillac, 22 marzo 1857
MorteParigi, 7 maggio 1932 (75 anni)

Paul Doumer (Aurillac, 22 marzo 1857Parigi, 7 maggio 1932) è stato un politico francese.

Fu presidente della Repubblica di Francia dal 3 giugno 1931 al 7 maggio 1932 quando venne assassinato dal fascista russo Pavel Gorguloff.[1]

Biografia

Era l'ultimo dei tre figli di Jean Doumer e Victorine Fanny Alexandrine David. Aveva due sorelle maggiori, Renée e Thérèse.

Radicale moderato, particolarmente versato nei problemi economici e finanziari, nel 1888 venne eletto deputato al Parlamento, avendo da allora in poi numerosi incarichi ministeriali. Uno particolarmente importante fu quello di governatore dell'Indocina francese, carica che mantenne dal 1897 al 1902: durante il suo mandato promosse la costruzione della ferrovia che collegò Hanoi, in Vietnam, alla capitale della regione cinese dello Yunnan, terminata solo nel 1910 a prezzo della vita di molti coolier (la manovalanza indigena) che vi lavoravano. Terminato il suo mandato, Doumer nel 1905 fu eletto presidente della Camera francese, mantenendola per un anno. Spostatosi su posizioni conservatrici guidò l'opposizione al governo Combes e fu ministro di Stato per tre mesi durante la prima guerra mondiale, dal settembre al novembre del 1917. Dopo esser stato nominato senatore nel 1912, Doumer fu Ministro delle finanze dal 1925 - 1926, poi assunse la presidenza del Senato fino al 1931, quando, il 3 giugno, fu eletto presidente della Repubblica francese. Il nuovo capo di Stato però rimase in carica soltanto un anno, poiché il 7 maggio 1932 venne ucciso a Parigi da un fascista russo, Pavel Gorguloff. È l'unico presidente francese deceduto a causa di un'arma da fuoco.

Oggi riposa nel Cimitero di Vaugirard.

Massoneria

Il primo dicembre 1879, all'età di 22 anni, è iniziato in Massoneria, presentato dallo storico Henri Martin e da William Henry Waddington, nella loggia parigina Union fraternelle, appartenente al grande Oriente di Francia, e l'anno seguente diventa Compagno e poi Maestro[2]. Rappresenta la loggia al Convento dell'Obbedienza dal 1884 al 1888, e in seguito al Consiglio dell'Ordine dal 1888. È pure affiliato a due logge dell'Aisne: Patrie et humanité a Soissons, della quale diventerà Maestro venerabile, e Les Frères du Mont laonnois, a Laon,e alla loggia Alsace-Lorraine. Nel 1890 fonda la loggia Voltaire, con Léon Bourgeois, Camille Chautemps e Charles Floquet, ne è Maestro venerabile nel 1890, 1891 et 1892, anno in cui diventa gran segretario del Grande Oriente di Francia.

Onorificenze

Onorificenze francesi

Onorificenze straniere

Collare dell'Ordine di Carlo III - nastrino per uniforme ordinaria
— 19 giugno 1905

Note

  1. ^ A. Lorin, «Un «régicide républicain»: Paul Doumer, le président assassiné (6 mai 1932), in [1]
  2. ^ Monique e Jean-Marc Cara ,Dictionnaire universel de la franc-maçonnerie, Larousse, 2011, capitolo "Paul Doumer".

Altri progetti

Collegamenti esterni

Predecessore Presidente della Repubblica Francese Successore
Gaston Doumergue 1931 - 1932 Albert Lebrun

Predecessore Coprincipe di Andorra Successore
Gaston Doumergue 1931-1932 Albert Lebrun

Predecessore Presidente del Senato di Francia Successore
Justin Germain Casimir de Selves 1927-1931 Albert Lebrun

Predecessore Ministro delle finanze della Francia Successore
Louis Loucheur 1925-1926 Raoul Péret I
Frédéric François-Marsal 1921-1922 Charles de Lasteyrie II
Alexandre Ribot 1895-1896 Georges Cochery III

Predecessore Ministro senza portafoglio Successore
Titolo inesistente 13 settembre - 13 novembre 1917 Titolo abolito

Predecessore Presidente della Camera dei deputati Successore
Henri Brisson 1905 - 1906 Henri Brisson

Predecessore Governatore generale dell'Indocina francese Successore
Augustin Juline Fourès
ad interim
1897 - 1902 Paul Beau
Controllo di autoritàVIAF (EN46796138 · ISNI (EN0000 0001 1060 5888 · BAV 495/175393 · LCCN (ENn92015836 · GND (DE118672363 · BNF (FRcb12137282n (data)

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