Hydrocharis morsus-ranae

Come leggere il tassoboxProgetto:Forme di vita/Come leggere il tassobox
Come leggere il tassobox
Morso di rana
Hydrocharis morsus-ranae
Stato di conservazione
Specie non valutata
Classificazione APG IV
DominioEukaryota
RegnoPlantae
(clade)Angiosperme
(clade)Mesangiosperme
(clade)Monocotiledoni
OrdineAlismatales
FamigliaHydrocharitaceae
SottofamigliaHydrocharitoideae
GenereHydrocharis
SpecieH. morsus-ranae
Classificazione Cronquist
DominioEukaryota
RegnoPlantae
DivisioneMagnoliophyta
ClasseLiliopsida
OrdineAlismatales
FamigliaHydrocharitaceae
GenereHydrocharis
SpecieH. morsus-ranae
Nomenclatura binomiale
Hydrocharis morsus-ranae
L., 1753

Il morso di rana (Hydrocharis morsus-ranae L., 1753) è una pianta acquatica della famiglia Hydrocharitaceae.[1]

Descrizione

È una pianta acquatica provvista di radici fluttuanti, che, in caso di scarsità di acqua, possono ancorarsi al substrato. Produce stoloni lunghi fino a 30 cm, che in corrispondenza dei nodi sviluppano rosette foliari che si distendono sulla superficie dell'acqua, composte da foglie cuoriformi, dotate di un picciolo lungo 5–10 cm, larghe sino a 6 cm, con venature parallelinervie, e pagina inferiore ricoperta da uno spesso tessuto spugnoso, che aiuta la pianta nel galleggiamento. Agli apici dei nodi si sviluppano delle gemme svernanti (ibernacoli) che, appesantite dall'amido di riserva accumulato, cadono sul fondo e affondano nel fango, garantendo così la sopravvivenza della pianta nel periodo invernale; in primavera, alleggeriti dall'esaurimento delle scorte di amido, i germogli risalgono in superficie avviando la nuova colonizzazione dello stagno.
È una specie dioica, cioè con esemplari che presentano solo fiori femminili o fiori maschili, entrambi con tre petali bianchi e tre sepali verdi, peduncolati; fiorisce da giugno a settembre.
Il frutto è una bacca ovale, contenente minuscoli semi piriformi e tubercolati.[2]

Distribuzione e habitat

La specie ha un ampio areale euro-asiatico; introdotta agli inizi del secolo scorso in Nord America, si è diffusa nella regione dei Grandi Laghi, ove è considerata una specie invasiva.[3]
In Italia è presente, anche se sempre più rara, in Piemonte, Lombardia, Trentino-Alto Adige, Veneto, Friuli Venezia Giulia, Liguria, Emilia Romagna, Toscana, Umbria e Lazio.[4]

Predilige acque stagnanti poco profonde, in posizione soleggiata, da 0 a 500 m di altitudine.

Note

  1. ^ (EN) Hydrocharis morsus-ranae, su Plants of the World Online, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. URL consultato il 25 dicembre 2021.
  2. ^ Morso di rana - Hydrocharis morsus-ranae, in Flora delle aree umide della Toscana. URL consultato il 5 settembre 2012 (archiviato dall'url originale il 25 gennaio 2012).
  3. ^ (EN) European Frog-Bit (Hydrocharis morsus-ranae) – Floating Invader of Great Lakes Basin Waters (PDF), su seagrant.sunysb.edu. URL consultato il 5 settembre 2012.
  4. ^ Hydrocharis morsus-ranae L., in Flora italiana. URL consultato il 5 settembre 2012.

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