ADC Cirrus

Cirrus
L'ADC Cirrus II esposto allo Science Museum di Londra
Descrizione generale
CostruttoreRegno Unito (bandiera) Aircraft Disposal Company
Regno Unito (bandiera) Cirrus Aero-Engines
Tipomotore in linea
Numero di cilindri4
Alimentazionecarburatore Claudel
Schema impianto
Cilindrata4,5 L (274.36 in³)
Alesaggio105 mm (4.13 in)
Corsa130 mm (5.12 in)
DistribuzioneOHV 2 valvole per cilindro
Combustione
Combustibilebenzina 70 ottani
Raffreddamentoad aria
Uscita
Potenza60 hp (45 kW)
Dimensioni
Lunghezza116,3 cm (45.8 in)
Larghezza46,4 cm (18.26 in)
Altezza87,1 cm (34.3 in)
Rapporti di compressione
Rap. di compressione4,7:1
Prestazioni
Utilizzatoride Havilland DH.60 Moth
Avro Avian
Note
dati riferiti alla versione Cirrus I estratti da British Piston Engines and their Aircraft[1]
voci di motori presenti su Wikipedia

Gli ADC Cirrus e Cirrus-Hermes sono motori aeronautici a 4 cilindri in linea raffreddati ad aria sviluppati nel Regno Unito negli anni venti. Citato anche come Blackburn Cirrus, ma la designazione si applica solamente alla nuova gamma di modelli Cirrus prodotti dopo il 1934 dalla Blackburn, come ad esempio il Blackburn Cirrus Major, risulta ancora come dotazione in numerosi velivoli d'epoca che grazie alla sua longevità riesce a conservarli in condizioni di volo.

Storia del progetto

Le differenze tra un Cirrus Hermes I (a sinistra) ed un Cirrus III (a destra).

I motori ADC Cirrus vennero originariamente costruiti dalla ADC Aircraft fino alla fondazione della Cirrus Aero Engines Limited avvenuta nel 1927. L'azienda cambiò ragione sociale in Cirrus-Hermes nel 1931, quando venne acquistata dalla Cirrus-Hermes Engineering Company, per divenire, nel 1934, la Cirrus Engine Section della Blackburn & General Aircraft Limited, gestita come una divisione separata fino alla fine della produzione continuata fin dopo al termine della Seconda guerra mondiale.[1]

Il primo motore sviluppato della serie fu il Cirrus I, in grado di erogare una potenza pari a 90 hp (67 kW) raggiungendo il traguardo delle 50 h di funzionamento nel 1925. Il Cirrus I fu il primo motore in linea raffreddato ad aria, un progetto dovuto a Frank Halford che si rivelò un successo commerciale ed estremamente diffuso come equipaggiamento di aerei leggeri.

L'impostazione del motore, un'architettura basata sul riutilizzo di una singola bancata di un motore V8, in questo caso l'ADC Airdisco,[2] venne velocemente copiata da diverse altre aziende di produzione di motori aeronautici. Le successive versioni, indicate come Cirrus II e Cirrus III, si differenziavano da quella originale per un leggero aumento di cilindrata e potenza erogata (Cirrus II - 85 hp, Cirrus III - 90 hp).

La successiva linea di produzione, i Cirrus-Hermes I, II e IV, si differenziava per la gamma di potenza espressa, da 105 hp a 140 hp a seconda del modello. L'ultima evoluzione nel progetto dei motori Cirrus prevedeva la rotazione di 180° dei modelli precedenti,[3] soluzione tecnica che avrebbe permesso di liberare il campo visivo davanti al pilota del velivolo sul quale erano installati.

Varianti

Cirrus I
(1925)
Cirrus II
(1926)
Cirrus III
(1929)
Cirrus IIIA
(1933)
Cirrus-Hermes I
(1929)
Cirrus-Hermes II
(1930)
Cirrus-Hermes IIB
(1931) variante rovesciata del Cirrus-Hermes II
Cirrus-Hermes IV
(1930)
Cirrus-Hermes IVA
(1929) variante rovesciata del Cirrus-Hermes IV

Applicazioni

Lista estratta da British Piston Engines and their Aircraft,[4] che comprende anche i modelli che lo utilizzarono solamente durante test.

Cirrus

Cirrus-Hermes

Esemplari in esposizione

Un Cirrus Hermes.
Un Cirrus III montato su un de Havilland DH.60 Moth.

Note

  1. ^ a b Lumsden 2003, p. 130.
  2. ^ Gunston 1989, p. 40.
  3. ^ Lumsden 2003, p. 132.
  4. ^ Lumsden 2003, pp. 130-132.
  5. ^ Wesselink 1982 p.80.
  6. ^ Wesselink 1982 p.81.

Bibliografia

Voci correlate

Altri progetti

Collegamenti esterni

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