Ṭabarī

Nome calligrafato di Ṭabarī

Abū Jaʿfar Muḥammad ibn Jarīr Ṭabarī, meglio noto come Ṭabarī (in persiano محمد ابن جریر طبری‎; in arabo ﺍﺑﻮ ﺟﻌﻔﺮ محمد بن جرير بن ﻳﺰﻳﺪ الطبري?; Amol, 839Baghdad, 17 febbraio 923), è stato uno storico, teologo e astrologo persiano.

Biografia

Manoscritto ilkhanide, della prima metà del XIV secolo, della versione abbreviata del Taʾrīkh realizzata dal persiano Balʿamī (Smithsonian, Washington)

Ṭabarī è considerato dalla maggioranza degli studiosi orientalisti[1] il massimo annalista musulmano,[2] assunto come inevitabile riferimento da tutti gli storici a lui posteriori per quanto riguarda la storia dei primi tre secoli circa dell'Islam, nonché per le narrazioni relative alla storia del mondo anteriore alla Rivelazione di Maometto, risalenti addirittura all'epoca della creazione.[3]

Fu anche un teologo di grandissimo profilo e autore di uno dei più importanti tafsīr (Esegesi) del Corano, tuttora utilizzato, anche se gli vengono preferiti commenti di minor estensione e di più facile accesso.

Il suo capolavoro, il Taʾrīkh al-rusul wa l-mulūk (Storia dei profeti e dei re) - edito a fine XIX secolo da una équipe internazionale guidata dall'olandese M.J. de Goeje e al quale partecipò anche il noto semitista romano Ignazio Guidi, che ne curò gli indici - è fondamentale non solo per l'ampiezza degli argomenti trattati - tutti rafforzati da una catena di informatori-garanti, secondo la metodologia affermatasi con i muḥaddithūn (che si occupavano cioè della raccolta e del vaglio critico dei ḥadīth ) ma anche per essere una storia non soltanto basata sugli Arabi, come era fino ad allora avvenuto. Tabarī infatti introdusse nuovamente il passato della sua patria persiana nel flusso dei principali eventi della storia del mondo, non dimenticando tutti i popoli da lui conosciuti, sia dell'antichità, sia dell'epoca a lui contemporanea.

Apparentemente neutrale e attento a citare le diverse tradizioni storiche su cui si basa il suo racconto annalistico, Ṭabarī in realtà fu allineato con l'ideologia dominante del califfato abbaside e uno dei suoi meriti è senz'altro quello di aver salvato dall'oblio tradizioni di akhbāriyyūn (cronisti) la cui stesura originale non è giunta fino a noi (Ibn Isḥāq, al-Zuhrī, al-Wāqidī, Abū Mìkhnaf, al-Madāʾinī, Sayf b. ʿUmar, e altri ancora).

La sua opera esegetica, il Jāmiʿ al-bayān ʿan taʾwīl al-Qurʾān (La raccolta evidente circa l'interpretazione del Corano) è l'altro suo capolavoro, ancor oggi ristampato al pari del suo capolavoro storico.

Astrologo, tradusse il Carmen astrologicum di Doroteo di Sidone in arabo e scrisse una parafrasi in arabo della Tetrabiblos di Claudio Tolomeo, probabilmente a partire da una versione persiana. Il suo libro sulle natività fu tradotto in latino da Giovanni da Siviglia e pubblicato a Venezia nel 1503[4].

Note

  1. ^ Tra cui Chase F. Robinson che, nel suo Islamic Historiography (Cambridge University Press, 2003, p. 35) scrive: «Certainly anyone who has written history can only marvel at the rariety and number of al-Ṭabarī sorces: by any reasonable standard, he was an extraordinarily resourceful scholar». E ancora «And althought al-Ṭabarī was certainly an indefatigable collector, he was much more than that». (p. 36).
  2. ^ «[He] is most famous as the supreme universal historian and Qurʾān commentator of the first three or four centuries of Islam», scrive Clifford Edmund Bosworth sul lemma che lo riguarda sull'Encyclopaedia of Islam. Si veda anche A. A. Duri, che afferma: «... represents the highest point reached by Arab historical writing during its formative period.» (The Rise of Historical Writing Amongs the Arabs, Princeton University Press, 1983, p. 69, ed. and trans. by Lawrence I. Conrad from the Arabic Baḥth fī nashʾat ʿilm al-taʾrīkh ʿinda l-ʿArab, Beirut, 1960).
  3. ^ «Ṭabarī fame was such that no biographer in subsequent centuries who touched on Ṭabarī's age and fields of scholarly activity could afford not to mention him.» Pagina 9 della General Introduction - The Life and Works of al-Ṭabarī, pp. 5-134, edizione a cura di Ehsan Yar-Shater, Albany NY, State University of New York Press, 40 voll., 1989-2007.
  4. ^ De nativitatibus secundum Omar, Venezia, J. B. sessa, 1503.

Bibliografia

Edizioni e traduzioni
Studi
  • Ṭabarī, Taʾrīkh al-rusul wa l-mulūk, ed. Muḥammad Abū l-Faḍl Ibrāhīm, 10 voll. + Indici, Il Cairo, Dār al-maʿārif, 1960-69.
  • Ṭabarī (ma in realtà Bal'ami), Chronique, 4 voll., par H. Zotenberg, Paris, Imprimerie Impériale, 1867-74 (edito poi da varie case editrici francesi, ultima delle quali Éditions d'Art Les Heures Claires, Paris, 1985).
  • Ehsan Yar-Shater (ed.), The History of al-Ţabarī, Albany, State University of New York Press, 40 volumi pubblicati tra il 1989 ed il 2007.

Altri progetti

Collegamenti esterni

  • (EN) Elton L. Daniel, Tabari, su Encyclopaedia Iranica.
Controllo di autoritàVIAF (EN9854001 · ISNI (EN0000 0001 0868 4759 · SBN CFIV065582 · BAV 495/30554 · CERL cnp01318505 · LCCN (ENn81005044 · GND (DE118620436 · BNE (ESXX963792 (data) · BNF (FRcb11925884j (data) · J9U (ENHE987007297580405171

Read other articles:

Pigment applied over a surface that dries as a solid film Paint drying redirects here. For the film, see Paint Drying. For the idiom, see Watching paint dry. For other uses, see Paint (disambiguation). This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Paint – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (June 2...

 

Chronological list of notable events in the history of diving decompression. This painting, An Experiment on a Bird in the Air Pump by Joseph Wright of Derby, 1768, depicts an experiment originally performed by Robert Boyle in 1660. Decompression in the context of diving derives from the reduction in ambient pressure experienced by the diver during the ascent at the end of a dive or hyperbaric exposure and refers to both the reduction in pressure and the process of allowing dissolved inert ga...

 

Zedazeni MonasteryThe Zedazeni MonasteryReligionAffiliationGeorgian Orthodox ChurchLocationLocation Mtskheta Municipality, GeorgiaShown within Mtskheta-MtianetiShow map of Mtskheta-MtianetiZedazeni Monastery (Georgia)Show map of GeorgiaGeographic coordinates41°52′16″N 44°45′56″E / 41.87111°N 44.76556°E / 41.87111; 44.76556ArchitectureTypeMonastery, church, castleStyleGeorgian Zedazeni Monastery (Georgian: ზედაზნის მონასტერ

Puerto Salgar Municipio Iglesia de Puerto Salgar. BanderaEscudo Lema: ¡Construyendo Un Mejor Futuro Para Puerto Salgar! Puerto SalgarLocalización de Puerto Salgar en Colombia Puerto SalgarLocalización de Puerto Salgar en CundinamarcaCoordenadas 5°27′55″N 74°39′11″O / 5.4652777777778, -74.653055555556Entidad Municipio • País  Colombia • Departamento Cundinamarca • Provincia Bajo MagdalenaAlcalde Jaime Maldonado Mora (2020-2023)Eventos his...

 

Untuk tokoh pejuang kemerdekaan Indonesia dengan nama yang mirip secara homofonik, lihat Andi Mattalatta. Mohammad Andi MattalattaMattalatta pada 2007Menteri Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia Indonesia ke-27Masa jabatan9 Mei 2007 – 20 Oktober 2009PresidenSusilo Bambang YudhoyonoPendahuluHamid AwaluddinPenggantiPatrialis AkbarAnggota Dewan Perwakilan RakyatMasa jabatan1 Oktober 1992 – 9 Mei 2007Daerah pemilihanSulawesi Selatan(1992–2004)Sulawesi Selatan I(2004–07) Infor...

 

Guacamayas Gemeente in Colombia Situering Departement Boyacá Coördinaten 6° 30′ NB, 72° 30′ WL Algemeen Inwoners (2005) 2042 Detailkaart Locatie van Guacamayas in Boyacá Foto's Portaal    Colombia Guacamayas is een gemeente in het Colombiaanse departement Boyacá. De gemeente telt 2042 inwoners (2005). Bronnen, noten en/of referenties Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadística (DANE). · · Gemeenten in Boyacá Almeida · Aquitania · Arcabuco · Belén ·...

Autonomous republic of Uzbekistan Qaraqalpaqstan redirects here. For the town, see Qaraqalpaqstan (town). Autonomous republic in UzbekistanRepublic of KarakalpakstanQaraqalpaqstan Respublikası / Қарақалпақстан Республикасы (Karakalpak)Qoraqalpogʻiston Respublikasi / Қорақалпоғистон Республикаси (Uzbek)Autonomous republic FlagEmblemMotto: Jayxun jaģasında ósken bayterek (Karakalpak)Anthem: Qaraqalpaqstan Respublikasın

 

أوباري أوباري حشائش ونخيل بواحة أوباري الإحداثيات 26°35′N 12°46′E / 26.583°N 12.767°E / 26.583; 12.767 تقسيم إداري  البلد  ليبيا  منطقة فزان  محافظة وادي الحياة عاصمة لـ شعبية وادي الحياة  خصائص جغرافية ارتفاع 1٬535 قدم (468 م) [1] عدد السكان (2009)  المجموع 50,000 مع

 

أطلس تاريخ الإسلام أطلس تاريخ الإسلام  المؤلف حسين مؤنس  اللغة العربية  النوع الأدبي أطلس خرائط  تعديل مصدري - تعديل   أطلس تاريخ الإسلام موسوعة تاريخية جغرافية مصرية قامت بإنجازها لجنة من العلماء المختصين بإشراف الدكتور حسين مؤنس. تضمنت تلك اللجنة العديد من ا...

History of slavery abolitionism in Brazil 1888 poster from the Brazilian National Archives collection commemorating the abolition of slavery in Brazil The history of abolitionism in Brazil goes back to the first attempt to abolish indigenous slavery in Brazil, in 1611, to its definitive abolition by the Marquis of Pombal, in 1755 and 1758, during the reign of King Joseph I, and to the emancipation movements in the colonial period, particularly the 1798 Bahian Conspiracy, whose plans included ...

 

Indian film producer (born 1961) D. V. V. DanayyaDanayya in promotion of Bharat Ane NenuBornDasari Veera Venkata Danayya (1961-04-01) 1 April 1961 (age 62)Tallapudi, Kovvur, Andhra Pradesh, IndiaOccupationFilm producerYears active1992–presentKnown forRRRBharat Ane NenuDubai SeenuDesamuduruJamba Lakidi PambaChildrenKalyan Dasari D. V. V. Danayya (born Dasari Veera Venkata Danayya, 1 April 1961)[1][2] is an Indian film producer, who works in Telugu cinema. In a ...

 

Volcanic island in Tonga TofuaTofua Island (lower left) and neighbouring Kao Island, Tonga, Pacific OceanHighest pointElevation515 m (1,690 ft)Prominence515 m (1,690 ft)ListingList of volcanoes in TongaCoordinates19°45′00″S 175°04′30″W / 19.75000°S 175.07500°W / -19.75000; -175.07500GeographyTonga Islands, Tonga GeologyMountain typeVolcanic calderaLast eruption2022 (Ongoing)[1] Tofua caldera Tofua is a volcanic island in Ton...

Inglaterra8.º lugar Oficial Alternativo Alternativo Asociación EFA Confederación UEFA Participación 6.ª Mejor resultado Campeón: 1966 Ranking histórico 5.º lugar Ranking FIFA ?º lugar Entrenador Alf Ramsey Inglaterra fue una de las 16 selecciones participantes en la Copa Mundial de Fútbol de México 1970, la que es su sexta participación consecutiva en un mundial. Clasificación Artículo principal: Clasificación para la Copa Mundial de Fútbol de 1970 Inglaterra clasificó d...

 

2014 studio album by Lindsey StirlingShatter MeStudio album by Lindsey StirlingReleasedApril 29, 2014 (2014-04-29)RecordedSeptember 2013–February 2014Length47:07Label Decca Universal Producer SILAS Marko G Kill Paris Scott Gold Robert DeLong Lindsey Stirling chronology Lindsey Stirling(2012) Shatter Me(2014) Lindsey Stirling: Live from London(2015) Singles from Shatter Me Beyond the VeilReleased: March 24, 2014 Shatter MeReleased: April 21, 2014 Master of TidesRelease...

 

Innate inclination of a thing to continue to exist and enhance itself This article is about a term in philosophy. For the Zola Jesus album, see Conatus (album). For Conatus - Journal of Philosophy, see Conatus (journal). Conatus is, for Baruch Spinoza, where each thing, as far as it lies in itself, strives to persevere in its being.[a] In the philosophy of Baruch Spinoza, conatus (/koʊˈneɪtəs/; wikt:conatus; Latin for effort; endeavor; impulse, inclination, tendency; undertaking; ...

Writings from the island of Ireland For Modern literature originally written in Irish language, see Modern literature in Irish. This article's tone or style may not reflect the encyclopedic tone used on Wikipedia. See Wikipedia's guide to writing better articles for suggestions. (March 2014) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Several notable Irish Writers. Clockwise from top left: Jonathan Swift; W.B. Yeats; Oscar Wilde; James Joyce; Colm Toibín; Seamus Heaney; Samuel Becke...

 

2014 studio album by The DrumsEncyclopediaStudio album by The DrumsReleasedSeptember 23, 2014GenreIndie pop, post-punk revival, dream popLabelNorman RecordsProducerThe DrumsThe Drums chronology Portamento(2011) Encyclopedia(2014) Abysmal Thoughts(2017) Singles from Encyclopedia Magic MountainReleased: July 22, 2014[1] I Can't PretendReleased: August 26, 2014[2] Encyclopedia is the third studio album of American indie pop band The Drums. It was released on September 23,...

 

Portuguese airline Not to be confused with Omni Air International. This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Omni Aviation – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (September 2010) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Omni - Aviação e Tecnologia IATA ICAO Callsign OC OAV OMNI Fou...

GorontaloNama lengkapTim sepak bola Provinsi GorontaloStadionStadion 23 Januari(Kapasitas: 6.000)LigaPONPra PON 2024Peringkat 2 di Grup E Kostum kandang Tim sepak bola Provinsi Gorontalo atau Tim sepak bola Gorontalo adalah tim provinsial yang mewakili Gorontalo dalam cabang olahraga sepak bola pada Pekan Olahraga Nasional. Tim ini dikendalikan oleh Asosiasi Provinsi Persatuan Sepak bola Seluruh Indonesia Gorontalo (Asprov PSSI Gorontalo), yang merupakan anggota PSSI. Rekor kompetisi PON PON ...

 

Australian cricketer David MillerPersonal informationFull nameDavid Lawson MillerBorn(1870-01-30)30 January 1870Holytown, ScotlandDied12 April 1943(1943-04-12) (aged 73)Clayfield, Queensland, AustraliaUmpiring information FC umpired2 (1896–1898) Career statistics Competition FC Matches 15 Runs scored 162 Batting average 8.10 100s/50s 0/0 Top score 21 Balls bowled 2561 Wickets 55 Bowling average 19.00 5 wickets in innings 2 10 wickets in match 0 Best bowling 5/38 Catches/stump...

 

Strategi Solo vs Squad di Free Fire: Cara Menang Mudah!