Harmattan

Az abujai nemzeti mecset Nigériában porfelhőben

A harmattan szél forró, száraz, nyugat-afrikai passzátszél. A Szahara felől fúj északkeleti vagy keleti irányból a Guineai-öböl felé november vége és március közepe között. Általában sok port szállít, mivel a Szahara felett felkapja az apró, 0,5-10 mikrométer méretű porszemcséket, amiket akár több száz kilométerre az Atlanti-óceán fölé szállít.[1] A szél ereje változó.

Hatása

Néhány nyugat-afrikai országban a levegőben lebegő sok por, hasonlóan a sűrű ködhöz, jelentősen korlátozza a látási viszonyokat harmattan idején. A levegő páratartalma jelentősen lecsökken, néha akár 15%-ra is, ami már orrvérzést és a bőr berepedezését is okozhatja.

A nappalok rendkívül melegek, az éjszakák hidegek lesznek. A por nagy részét a növényzet vagy a tavak és folyók fogják fel, a többi az Atlanti-óceánba kerül. A legtöbb port északon fogja fel a növényzet és a vizek. Dél felé haladva a por finomabb és több a szervesanyag-tartalma is.[2]

A por gyakran okoz gondot a légitársaságoknak a repülésben az egész térségben.

Források

  1. ↑ harmattan (wind) (angol nyelven). britannica.com. (Hozzáférés: 2011. október 29.)
  2. ↑ Henrik Breuning-Madsena, Theodore W. Awadzi (2005. szeptember 30.). „Harmattan dust deposition and particle size in Ghana”. Catena 63 (1), 23-38. o. DOI:10.1016/j.catena.2005.04.001. (Hozzáférés: 2011. október 29.) 

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