Hamburgi kikötő

Hamburgi kikötő
OrszágNémetország
VárosHamburg
Alapítva1189. május 7.
ÜzemeltetőHamburg Port Authority
Terület72 km²
Mellette található vízUnterelbe
Elhelyezkedése
Hamburgi kikötő (Hamburg)
Hamburgi kikötő
Hamburgi kikötő
Pozíció Hamburg térképén
é. sz. 53° 32′ 24″, k. h. 9° 58′ 58″53.540000°N 9.982778°EKoordináták: é. sz. 53° 32′ 24″, k. h. 9° 58′ 58″53.540000°N 9.982778°E
Térkép
A Hamburgi kikötő weboldala
A Wikimédia Commons tartalmaz Hamburgi kikötő témájú médiaállományokat.

A hamburgi kikötő (németül: Hamburger Hafen, kiejtése [ˈhambʊʁɡɐ ˈhaːfn̩]) egy tengeri kikötő az Elba folyón Hamburgban, Németországban, 110 kilométerre az északi-tengeri torkolattól.

Németország „kapuja a világba” (Tor zur Welt) néven ismert,[1] és az ország legnagyobb tengeri kikötője.[2] A TEU-átrakást tekintve Hamburg a harmadik legforgalmasabb kikötő Európában (Rotterdam és Antwerpen után) és a 15. legnagyobb a világon, míg a gyorsan növekvő konténerforgalmat tekintve második legnagyobb kikötője. A konténerforgalmat tovább bővítik, Hamburgban működik a világ legmodernebb, teljesen automatizált konténerkikötője, a 2003-ban megnyílt Altenwerder Terminál. Hamburgban 2014-ben 9,73 millió TEU-t (20 lábas szabványos konténeregyenérték) kezeltek.[3]

A kikötő területe 73,99 négyzetkilométer (64,80 km² hasznosítható), amelyből 43,31 km² (34,12 km²) szárazföldi terület. Az elágazó Elba ideális helyet teremt egy kikötőkomplexum számára, raktározási és átrakodási lehetőségekkel. A kiterjedt szabadkikötőt akkor hozták létre, amikor Hamburg csatlakozott a német vámunióhoz. Lehetővé tette a behozott áruk vámmentes tárolását, valamint a feldolgozott, újracsomagolt, a gyártásban felhasznált, majd vámmentesen újraexportált anyagok behozatalát. A szabadkikötő 2013-ban felhagyta a működését.[4]

A kikötő 68 000 embernek ad munkát, a környező területeken 154 000 állás függ a kikötőgazdaságtól. Hamburg ún. általános kikötő, ahol bármely áruféleséget ki lehet rakodni.

Története

Állítólagos Barbarossa oklevele 1189-ből, amelyet sokáig a hamburgi kikötő alapító okiratának tekintettek.
A kikötő keleti réssze

Hamburg már a 14. században az Északi-tenger legjelentősebb Hanza-városa volt. A városi kikötő ma Németország legnagyobb tengeri kapuja. 2007-ben 140 millió tonna árut rakodtak át a város rakpartjain.

Ez a szakasz egyelőre üres vagy erősen hiányos. Segíts te is a kibővítésében!

Jegyzetek

  1. ↑ Schütte, Gisela. „Als Hamburg das "Tor zur Welt" wurde”, DIE WELT, 2008. március 9. (Hozzáférés: 2020. július 25.) 
  2. ↑ Größte Seehäfen Deutschlands - Güterversand bis 2019 (német nyelven). Statista . (Hozzáférés: 2020. július 25.)
  3. ↑ Welcome to the Port of Hamburg. Die offizielle Internetseite des Hamburger Hafens . [2015. szeptember 24-i dátummal az eredetiből archiválva]. (Hozzáférés: 2024. április 23.)
  4. ↑ Wegner, Dr Tristan: Seezollhafen Hamburg: The dissolution of Freihafen Hamburg (amerikai angol nyelven). O&W Rechtsanwälte , 2018. augusztus 16. (Hozzáférés: 2020. július 25.)

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