Virus de Rocio

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Virus de Rocio
Description de l'image Defaut 2.svg.
Classification
Domaine Riboviria
Règne Orthornavirae
Embranchement Kitrinoviricota
Classe Flasuviricetes
Ordre Amarillovirales
Famille Flaviviridae
Genre Orthoflavivirus

Espèce

Orthoflavivirus ilheusense
ICTV, 1999

formes de rang inférieur

  • Virus de Rocio

Le virus de Rocio (ROCV) est un arbovirus rattaché à l'espèce Orthoflavivirus ilheusense de la famille des Flaviviridae et du genre Orthoflavivirus, responsable de l'encéphalite de Rocio. Le virus a été isolé la première fois lors d'une épidémie au sud de l'État de São Paulo au Brésil en 1975[1]. Il est nommé d'après le quartier Rocio de la ville d'Iguape[2].

L'infection, transmise par le moustique Psorophora ferox (en)[2], se caractérise par la survenue de fièvre, de maux de tête, d'un malaise et d'une conjonctivite. Peuvent s'ensuivre une altération de la conscience, des faiblesses musculaires voire un syndrome cérébelleux. Chez un tiers des patients, l'infection conduit à un coma et 10 % meurent[3]. La mortalité est plus importante chez les jeunes enfants et les personnes âgées[4]. Des séquelles neurologiques sont retrouvées chez 20 % des survivants[3].

Il est génétiquement apparenté avec d'autres arbovirus émergents tels que : le virus du Nil occidental (WNV) ou le virus de l'encéphalite de Saint-Louis (SLEV). C'est un flavivirus qui appartient au grand complexe du virus de l'encéphalite japonaise (JEV)[5].

Parmi d'autres, le virus de Rocio pourrait être utilisé comme arme bactériologique[6].

Notes et références

  1. ↑ Carl J. Mitchell, Thomas P. Monath et C. Bruce Cropp, « Experimental Transmission of Rocio Virus by Mosquitoes », Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg., vol. 30, no 2,‎ , p. 465-472 (lire en ligne)
  2. ↑ a et b Saivish, M.V.; Gomes da Costa, V.; de Lima Menezes, G.; Alves da Silva, R.; Dutra da Silva, G.C.; Moreli, M.L.; Sacchetto, L.; Pacca, C.C.; Vasilakis, N.; Nogueira, M.L. Rocio Virus: An Updated View on an Elusive Flavivirus. Viruses 2021, 13, 2293. DOI 10.3390/v13112293
  3. ↑ a et b (en) Stephen A. Berger, Charles H. Calisher et Jay S. Keystone, Exotic Viral Diseases. : A Global Guide, PMPH-USA, , 252 p. (ISBN 978-1-55009-205-9, lire en ligne), p. 160
  4. ↑ (en) Thomas J. Chambers et Thomas P. Monath (éditeurs), The Flaviviruses : Detection, Diagnosis and Vaccine Development : Detection, Diagnosis and Vaccine Development, Academic Press, , 577 p. (ISBN 978-0-08-049383-1, lire en ligne), p. 387
  5. ↑ (en) Birgit Nikolay, Mawlouth Diallo, Cheikh Saad Bouh Boye et Amadou Alpha Sall, « Usutu virus in Africa », Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. (d), vol. 11, no 11,‎ , p. 1417-1423 (ISSN 1530-3667 et 1557-7759, PMID 21767160, DOI 10.1089/VBZ.2011.0631, lire en ligne).Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata
  6. ↑ Rigaudeau S, Micol R, Bricaire F. & Bossi P., « Les virus des encéphalites virales, une nouvelle menace bioterroriste », La Presse Médicale, vol. 34, no 2,‎ , p. 161-168. (PMID 15687967, DOI 10.1016/S0755-4982(05)83897-7)

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