Thomas de Courcelles

Thomas de Courcelles
Biographie
Naissance en 1400
Ayencourt Drapeau de la France France
Décès
Paris Drapeau de la France France
Cardinal de l'Église catholique
Créé
cardinal
par le
pape Félix V (antipape)

Thomas de Courcelles né en 1400 à Ayencourt en Picardie et mort le [1] à Paris est un cardinal français.

Il fut impliqué dans le procès de Jeanne d'Arc en 1431.

Biographie

Thomas de Courcelles est recteur de l'université de Paris en 1430. Il est chanoine des chapitres des cathédrales d'Amiens, Laon et Thérouanne.

En 1431, lors du procès de Jeanne d'Arc à Rouen, il passe pour l'un des plus acharnés. Il fut l'un des rares à voter la torture[2] et travailla au réquisitoire. Plus tard, chargé de mettre en forme le procès et de le traduire en latin, il effaça son nom des votes compromettants.

Interrogé lors du procès en réhabilitation de Jeanne d'Arc en 1455, il déclara : « Je ne sais rien, je ne me souviens plus… Je n'ai jamais dit positivement qu'elle était hérétique… Je n'ai jamais délibéré au sujet d'un châtiment à infliger à Jeanne d'Arc[réf. nécessaire]. »

L'antipape Félix V le crée cardinal lors du consistoire du , mais il décline la promotion. Il va à Rome pour être près du pape Nicolas V qui le nomme archidiacre papal. Il est nommé chanoine plénipotentiaire et doyen de la cathédrale Notre-Dame de Paris.

Malgré son implication dans le procès de Jeanne d'Arc, il sera un conseiller écouté par Charles VII. En sa qualité de doyen du chapitre de Notre-Dame de Paris, il participa et présida les fêtes de la réhabilitation de Jeanne d'Arc célébrées en 1456[3].

Le , Thomas de Courcelles est envoyé en ambassade à Mantoue par Charles VII, en compagnie de l'archevêque de Tours, l'évêque de Paris et Jean II de Chambes afin de rencontrer le pape Pie II[4].

Il prononcera l'oraison funèbre du roi en 1461.

Notes et références

  1. Ou le selon J-M. Amiot, Visites archidiaconales de Josas, p. 11.
  2. Jean Favier, Louis XI, Fayard, 2001, réed. Tallandier, 2012, p. 188.
  3. Amiot, op. cit.
  4. « H. Dansin, Histoire du gouvernement… sous Charles VII », sur www.mediterranee-antique.fr (consulté le ).

Annexes

Bibliographie

  • Heribert Müller, « Et sembloit qu'on oÿst parler un angele de Dieu. Thomas de Courcelles et le concile de Bâle ou le secret d'une belle réussite », Comptes rendus des séances de l'Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres, vol. 147-1,‎ , p. 461-484 (lire en ligne).

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