Henry Montgomery Lawrence

Henry Montgomery Lawrence
Biographie
Naissance
Décès
Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata (à 51 ans)
LucknowVoir et modifier les données sur Wikidata
Sépulture
Nationalité
Formation
Haileybury and Imperial Service College (en)Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata
Activités
Militaire, soldatVoir et modifier les données sur Wikidata
Père
Alexander William Lawrence (d)Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata
Mère
Catherine Letitia Knox (d)Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata
Fratrie
George St Patrick Lawrence (en)
John Laird Mair LawrenceVoir et modifier les données sur Wikidata
Conjoint
Honoria Lawrence (en) (à partir de )Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata
Enfants
Alexander Lawrence (d)
Letitia Catherine Lawrence (d)
Henry Lawrence (d)
Honoria Letitia Lawrence (d)Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata
Autres informations
Arme
Bengal Army (en)Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata
Grades militaires
Conflit
Distinction

Henry Montgomery Lawrence, né le à Matara dans l'actuel Sri Lanka et mort le à Lucknow, est un officier et administrateur colonial britannique.

Biographie

Entré en 1823 dans l'artillerie à Calcutta[1], il prend part en 1838 à la Première guerre anglo-afghane[2].

Envoyé au Peshawar en 1841[3], il rentre dans l'administration comme agent responsable des relations politiques[4] puis devient chef commissaire en Oudh (1856)[5]. En 1851, gouverneur du Pendjab, il fonde Murree qui sert à l'origine comme sanatorium[6] aux troupes britanniques qui surveillaient la frontière afghane. Le 30 mars 1855, Dost Mohammad, roi d’Afghanistan conclut à Peshawar un accord de paix avec le gouvernement des Indes britanniques représenté par Sir Henry Lawrence[7]. La Perse reconnaît l’indépendance de l’Afghanistan mais revendique Herat (décembre)[8].

Présent à Lucknow lors du siège de la ville pendant la révolte des Cipayes, il y est cerné puis tué[9].

Des îles de l'océan Indien (Henry Lawrence Island (en)) ainsi qu'une ville de Nouvelle-Zélande (Lawrence, ont été nommées en son honneur[10].

Jules Verne le mentionne dans son roman La Maison à vapeur (partie 1, chapitre III) lors de la prise de Lucknow[11].

Publications

  • 1845 : Adventures of an Officer in the Service of Runjeet Singh, Londres : Henry Colburn.
  • 1859 : Essays, Military and Political, Written in India, Londres : W. H. Allen & Co.

Notes et références

  1. Frederick P. Gibbon, The Lawrences of the Punjab, Londres, J.M. Dent & co., 1908, p. 11
  2. John William Kaye, Lives of Indian Officers, W. H. Allen, 1899, p. 402
  3. John William Kaye, Lives of Indian Officers, W. H. Allen, 1899, p. 404
  4. John William Kaye, Lives of Indian Officers, W. H. Allen, 1899, p. 431
  5. John William Kaye, Lives of Indian Officers, W. H. Allen, 1899, p. 437
  6. « Une tempête de neige au Pakistan fait plusieurs morts coincés dans leurs véhicules », sur france24.com, France 24, Paris, (consulté le ).
  7. Dictionnaire de la Conversation et de la Lecture, vol. 3, Paris, Firmin Didot, (présentation en ligne)
  8. Georg Friedrich Martens, Friedrich Wilhelm August Murhard, Karl Murhard, Charles Samwer, J. Pinhas et Julius Hopf, Nouveau recueil général de traités, vol. 16, Gottingue, Dieterich, (présentation en ligne)
  9. John William Kaye, Lives of Indian Officers, W. H. Allen, 1899, p. 474
  10. Hugh Chisholm, (ed.), Lawrence, Sir Henry Montgomery, Encyclopædia Britannica, vol. 16, 11e ed., Cambridge University Press, 1911, p. 305–306.
  11. Alexandre Tarrieu, Dictionnaire des personnes citées par Jules Verne, T. 2 : F-M, éditions Paganel, 2021, p. 218

Liens externes

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