Gitksan

Gitksan
Gitsenimx̱
Pays Canada
Région Colombie-Britannique
Nombre de locuteurs 534 (2018)[1]
Classification par famille
Codes de langue
IETF git
ISO 639-3 git
Étendue Langue individuelle
Type Langue vivante
WALS git
Glottolog gitx1241
ELP 4213
État de conservation
Éteinte

EXÉteinte
Menacée

CREn situation critique
SESérieusement en danger
DEEn danger
VUVulnérable
Sûre

NE Non menacée
Langue sérieusement en danger (SE) au sens de l’Atlas des langues en danger dans le monde

Le gitksan (ou gitxsan) est une langue tsimshianique parlée au Canada, le long de la vallée de Skeena en Colombie-Britannique par 523 personnes en 2018[2].

Écriture

Alphabet gitksan[3]
a aa b d e ee g gw h hl i ii j k k’ ḵ’ kw kw’ l ’l m
’m n ’n o oo p p’ s t t’ tl’ ts ts’ u uu w ’w x xw y ’y

Phonologie

Voyelles

Comme en nisgha, les voyelles du gitksan se différencient selon trois critères : longues, courtes accentuées et courtes inaccentuées. Les voyelles centrales n'apparaissent qu'inaccentuées en position finale. Les voyelles courtes accentuées sont antérieures et postérieures.

Antérieure Centrale Postérieure
Fermée i [ɪ] iː [] u [ʊ] uː [ʊː]
Moyenne eː [ɛː] ə [ə] o [ɔ] oː [ɔː]
Ouverte a [æ] aː [æː] a [ɐ]

Consonnes

    Bilabiale Dentale Latérale Palatale Vélaire Uvulaire Glottale
Occlusives Sourdes p [p] t [t] k [k]
q [q]
ʔ [ʔ]
Glottales pʼ[] tʼ[] kʼ []
qʼ []
Labiales kʷ [kʷ]
Lab.-glottales kʼʷ [ʷ]
Fricatives Simples s [s] ɫ [ɫ] x [x]
χ [χ] h [h]
Labiales xʷ []
Affriquées Sourdes c [t͡s]
Glottales cʼ [t͡sʼ] ʎʼ [t͡ɫʼ]
Nasales Simples m [m] n [n]    
Glottales mʼ [] nʼ []
Liquides simples l [l]
Glottales lʼ []
Semi-voyelles simples w [w] y [j]
Glottales wʼ [] yʼ []

Notes et références

Voir aussi

Bibliographie

Articles connexes

Liens externes

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