Eugenia gryposperma

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Eugenia gryposperma
Description de l'image Eugenia gryposperma tree.jpg.
Classification GBIF
Règne Plantae
Embranchement Tracheophyta
Classe Magnoliopsida
Ordre Myrtales
Famille Myrtaceae
Genre Eugenia

Espèce

Eugenia gryposperma
Krug & Urb. ex Urb. 1895

Eugenia gryposperma est une espèce de plante à fleurs de la famille des Myrtaceae. Elle est dénommée couramment cerisier montagne à la Martinique, Gwayav bata ou Siriz montann en créole[1] où elle est menacée d'extinction[1].

Description

Eugenia gryposperma est arbuste touffu, sempervirent, pouvant atteindre 6 m de hauteur et 10 cm de diamètre. L'écorce est sublisse, gris-beige. Les feuilles opposées, sessiles, amplexicaules, nettement cordées à la base, à texture coriaces, de 5-12 x 4-9 cm, à apex rond et obtusément acuminé. Points pellucides très denses. Nervure principale saillante, épaissie vers la base et 6-9 paires de nervures secondaires saillantes sur les deux faces. Les fleurs sont fugaces en mars-avril et août-septembre, axillaires de 1 à 4 en fascicules, à petites bractées et à pédicelles longs de 5-15 mm. Les sépales gros, ciliés, longs de 4-5 mm. Les fruits viennent en mars-avril. Ce sont des baies sphériques jaunes à bleu-noir à maturité, à chair violette, de 1,5-2 cm de diamètreref name=PNA/>.

Menace et conservation

Eugenia gryposperma est une espèce endémique de la Martinique ou elle est considérée en danger critique d'extinction et est protégée. Elle fait l'objet d'un Plan national d'action porté par le Conservatoire botanique de Martinique (CBN) Martinique[2].

Systématique

Le nom correct complet (avec auteur) de ce taxon est Eugenia gryposperma Krug & Urb. ex Urb.[3].

Ce taxon porte en français les noms vernaculaires ou normalisés suivants : Cerisier montagne[4], Goyavier bâtard[4].

Eugenia gryposperma a pour synonyme[3] :

Etymologie

Le nom de genre Eugènia vient de Eugène de Savoie-Carignan et l'épithète gryosperma ou gyrosperma vient de « gyro » : rond et « sperma » : semence, graine[5]

Liens externes

Sur les autres projets Wikimedia :

Notes et références

  1. ↑ a et b « Plan national d’actions 2022-2026 En faveur du Cerisier montagne et de l’Ananas-bois Eugenia gryposperma Krug & Urb. ex Urb.Aechmea reclinata Sastre & Brithmer » [PDF], sur Ministère de la Transition écologique et de la cohérence des territoires (consulté le )
  2. ↑ FERLAY B. & VISCARDI G., Plan National d’Actions en faveur du Cerisier montagne et de l’Ananas-bois (2022-2026)., Fort de France Martinique, Ministère de la Transition écologique et de la Cohésion des territoires, Direction de l’Environnement, de l’Aménagement et du Logement de la Martinique. CBNMQ., , 65 p.
  3. ↑ a et b GBIF Secretariat. GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei accessed via GBIF.org, consulté le 20 octobre 2024
  4. ↑ a et b MNHN & OFB [Ed]. 2003-présent. Inventaire national du patrimoine naturel (INPN), Site web : https://inpn.mnhn.fr, consulté le 20 octobre 2024
  5. ↑ Michel Chauvet, Etymologia botanica, Mèze, Biotope, , 794 p. (ISBN 978-2-36662-319-2), p. 287

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