Mekatronika

Mekatronikaren eskema

Mekatronikak ingeniaritza mekanikoa, ingeniaritza elektronikoa, kontrol-ingeniaritza eta programazio-ingeniaritza biltzen ditu.

Mekatronika hitza Yaskawa Yaskawa konpainiako Tetsuro Mori ingeniari japoniarrak asmatu zuen 1969an. Mekatronika mekanika ingeniaritza, elektronika ingeniaritza eta konputagailu eta komunikazio ingeniaritzen integrazioa da produktu konplexuak diseinatzeko. Hau dela eta, ez da ingeniaritzaren adar berri bat, ingeniaritzako adar ezberdinen integrazioa definitzeko oraintsu erabilitako kontzeptu bat baizik.

J.A. Rietdijk-en arabera "mekatronika produktu eta prozesuen diseinurako ingeniaritza mekanika zehatz, elektronika, kontrol automatiko eta sistemen konbinazio sinergikoa da".

Hala ere mekatronika hiru ingeniaritza edo gehiagoren integrazioa baino kontzeptu zabalagoa da: teknologien elkargune eta beraien komunikazio industrialak pentsatzeko diseinatzeko eta aztertzeko era bat da; izan ere, mekatronikak lan taldeen parte hartzea inplikatzen du. Zientzia hau, hainbat prozesu eta produktutarako giltza bilakatu da. Sistema modernoek, metodo eta sistema ohikoekin pentsaezina zen sofistikazio maila lortu dute.

Mekatronikan adituak direnek, zientzia hauetako ezagutza izan behar dute:

Abantailak

Robot industriala

Asko dira beste teknologiekiko mekatronikak dituen abantailak:

  • Automatizazio aldaketentzako malgutasuna
  • Ekoizpenaren hobekuntza
  • Mekanikoki sinpleagoa
  • Eraginkortasuna
  • Funtzionaltasun
  • Sendoa eta ziurra
  • Kostu txikia

Aplikazio arloak

Hybrid Assistive Limb, CYBERDYNE

Mekatronika industriako hainbat arlotan erabiltzen da.

  • Automozio eta robotika
  • Sentsore eta kontrolen sistemak
  • Automozio ingeniaritza
  • Birgaikuntza eta diagnostikorako teknikak
  • Paketatzea
  • Ondasun industrialak
  • Sistema mekatronikoak
  • Osasun mekatronika, osasun irudikatze sistemak
  • Garraiatze eta ibilgailu sistemak

Gaur egun, aurrerakuntza handiena jasaten ari den arloa biomekatronika da. Biomekatronikaren helburu nagusia, gailu elektromekanikoak giza gorputzean integratzea da erabilera terapeutikoetarako: nerbio sistemara konektatutako protesi robotikoak eriari higimena emateko (horren adibide dugu Berkeley Bionics enpresa, exohezurdurak...

Ikus gainera

Kanpo estekak

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