Winrich von Kniprode (Saare-Lääne piiskop)

 See artikkel räägib Saare-Lääne piiskopist; samanimelise Saksa ordu kõrgmeistri kohta vaata lehekülge Winrich von Kniprode

Winrich von Kniprode (surnud ööl vastu 6. novembrit 1419) oli Saare-Lääne piiskop aastatel 1385–1419. Ta oli samanimelise Saksa ordu kõrgmeistri vennapoeg, kes kostis paavst Urbanus VI-le 1379 tema eest.

Kniprode õppis 1368 Bologna ülikoolis ja oli 1368 Mainzi kanoonik.[1] 1371 või 1372 siirdus ta Lüttichisse, saades Pauluse kiriku kanoonikuks. 1374 määrati ta Bologna prokuraatoriks, kuid ta siirdus Bolognale kehtestatud interdikti tõttu 1376 Orleansi. 24. oktoobril 1378 sai ta õigusteaduste alal litsentsiaadi. Sama aasta lõpus läks ta tagasi Bolognasse.

Kniprode oli 15. novembril 1383 Saare-Lääne piiskopkonna proviisor. Samlandi piiskop Thilo von Stobenhain ordineeris ta 21. mail 1385 Königsbergis piiskopiks.[1]

Viibimine Eestis

Kniprode oli 1390 Lihulas, 1391 Haapsalus ja 1402–1419 Kuressaares.

1960ndail aastal tehtud uuringute põhjal hindas Villem Raam, et Saare-Lääne piiskop Winrich von Kniprode valitsemisajal, ajavahemikul 1385–1419 ehitati Haapsalu linnamüür. Müüri hilisemat kadumist linnapildist seostas ta 16. sajandi teise poole Liivimaa sõja sündmustega, mil Haapsalu rohkete vallutamistega kaasnes ka linnamüüri purustamine.[2].

Suhted orduga

Kniprode toetas Riia peapiiskopi ja Liivi ordumeistri vahelises tülis viimast, sest oli läbi Saksa ordu toetuse piiskopiks saanud. 2. novembril 1406 teatas Saksa ordu kõrgmeister Konrad von Jungingen talle sissemakstud rahasummast.

Kniprode saatis 24. veebruaril 1418 Saksa ordu kõrgmeistrile palvekirja teraviljaga kauplemise asjus.

Suhted Tallinnaga

Kniprode palus 1390 Tallinna raelt arestida rahasumma, mis oli mõeldud rendiks (redditus).

Ta kirjutas 28. jaanuaril 1411 Tallinna raele Tallinna kodaniku Michil Nötke nõude asjus.

Ta palus 1. mail 1411 Tallinna raadi rahuldada Lambrecht von Veleni nõude.

Ta teatas 28. juunil 1411 Tallinna raele oma aladel viibinud Jakob Hergensoni mereröövli jõugust.

Ta palus Tallinna raadi 24. jaanuaril 1418 pikendada preester Bertold Leppsi ametipuhkust.

23. novembril 1418 saatis ta Tallinna raele palvekirja oma teenri Johann van der Wyschi asjus.

Ta palus 2. aprillil 1419 Tallinna raadi pidada kinni drost Rubertust.

Privileegide andmine

Kniprode andis 16. juulil 1391 Haapsalu elanikele privileege. Kniprode sätestas 10. aprillil 1407 Kaarma (Carmel) linnusevalli juures kalastusõiguse ainult kirikuhärrade jaoks.

Tegevus rahuvahendajana

Kniprode kinnitas 10. augustil 1402 Padise kloostri ja Lihula tsistertslaste nunnakloostri vahel saavutatud kokkuleppe Lääne-Nigula kihelkonnas (Pönal) asuva Nõva mõisa (Newe) osas.

Läänistamised

1390 läänistas Kniprode Saaremaal asunud Sääre rüütlimõisa Koreveri suguvõsale.

13. detsembril 1398 andis ta läänikirja Jurside suguvõsale.

Surm

Kniprode suri ööl vastu 6. novembrit 1419 Kuressaares.

Viited

  1. 1,0 1,1 Philipp Schwartz: "Die Livländer auf der Universität Bologna 1289–1562." Mittheilungen aus dem Gebiet der Geschichte Liv-, Est- und Kurlands 14 (1890): 410–460.
  2. HAAPSALU LINNAMÜÜRIST VIIMASTE UURIMISTÖÖDE TAUSTAL, Läänemaa Muuseumi toimetised = Proceedings of Läänemaa Museum, nr. 21, juuli 2018

Allikad

  • Leonid Arbusow, "Livlands Geistlichkeit vom Ende des 12. bis ins 16. Jahrhundert".
  • Friedrich Georg von Bunge, "Liv-, Esth- und Curländisches Urkundenbuch nebst Regesten".
Eelnev
Heinrich III
Saare-Lääne piiskop
13851419
Järgnev
Caspar Schuwenflug

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