Vaal (tähtkuju)

Vaala tähtkuju kaart
Vaala tähtkuju paiknemine tähistaevas

Vaal (ladina Cetus, lühend Cet) on suur põhjataeva tähtkuju.

Vaal katab 1231 ruutkraadi ja on ulatuselt 88 tähtkuju seas 4. kohal.[1] Heledaim täht on β Ceti ehk Deneb Kaitos (2,04m). Ekliptika möödub Vaalast vähem kui 1 kraadi kaugusel ja seetõttu võivad Kuu ja planeedid ning osa Päikesest lühikest aega Vaala tähtkujus olla.

2022. aastal avastas Hubble'i kosmoseteleskoop Vaala tähtkujust tähe WHL0137-LS, mis on teadaolevalt kõige kaugemal asuv täht (asub 28 miljardi valgusaasta kaugusel).[2]

Tähelepanuväärne täht on veel Mira ehk ο Ceti, mis oli esimene vaadeldud muutlik täht ja sai seega omasuguste prototüübiks. Selle heledus võib muutuda kuni 1700 korda.[3]

Vaala tähtkujus asuvad mitmed süvataevaobjektid nagu NGC 247, NGC 1042, IC 1613. Ainus Vaala tähtkujus asuv Messier' kataloogi objekt on spiraalgalaktika Messier 77.

Vaal on Ptolemaiose poolt loetletud 48 tähtkuju seas. Vanakreeka mütoloogias oli see merekoletis Ketos, kes saadeti Andromedat tapma ja kelle Perseus tappis.[4]

Viited

  1. ↑ "Cetus Constellation". Constellation Guide. Vaadatud 7. juuli 2018.
  2. ↑ "Hubble Detects Earendel, The Farthest Star Ever Seen. It's 28 Billion Light Years Away". ABP Live. ABP News. 31.3.2022. Vaadatud 21.4.2022
  3. ↑ "The Night Sky in October 2014: We are all made of stars". The Telegraph. Vaadatud 7. juuli 2018.
  4. ↑ "The Cetus Constellation". Universe Today. Vaadatud 7. juuli 2018.
88 tänapäeva tähtkuju

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