Tannenbergi liin

Rinne 1944. aasta juulikuus Narva all.

Tannenbergi liin oli Teise maailmasõja ajal Krimmi poolsaarest kuni Narva-Jõesuuni püstitatud Pantriliini vahe- ehk varukaitseliin Kirde-Eestis. Liin sai oma nime Preisimaal Esimeses maailmasõjas toimunud lahingu järgi, kus 1914. aasta augustis purustati Venemaa 2. armee.

Kaitseliini ehitas Saksa sõjaväe ehitusorganisatsioon "Organisation Todt" 1943–1944 aastal. Liini võti olid soode ja lagendike üle valitsevad Sinimäed. Soome lahest kuni Peipsi järveni olid täisprofiilis kaevikud, mis vooderdati palkide ja lattidega. Madalamates kohtades, kus täisprofiilis kaevikuid ei olnud võimalikud, püstitati muldvallid ja palkidest tarad ehk palissaadid. Tannenbergi liinil olid ka relsside ja 4–8 palgikihiga kaetud punkrid, lahtised, poolkinnised ja kinnised terasesest tulepunktid ("krabid"), kaevikute taga omakorda meeskonnavarjendid. Liini ette paigutati miini-, tanki- ja traattõkked.

Kaitse liinil ja eriti Sinimägedes oli ehitatud üles sügavuti. Esimene kaitseliin asus ida pool Sinimägede ees ja Lastekodumäel, teine kaevikuteliin asus Lastekodumäe ja Grenaderimäe vahel ja Grenaderimäel ning kolmas kaitseliin Tornimäe ees.

Tannenbergi liini lõunaosas toimusid lahingud alates veebruarist 1944 peale Krivasoo platsdarmi moodustumist. 25. juulist septembrini 1944 kestsid Tannenbergi liinil Sinimägede lahingud. Punaarmee ei suutnud vaatamata tohututele jõupingutustele ning kaotustele inimestes ja tehnikas Tannenbergi liini võtmepositsioone läbi murda.

Sinimägede lahingute ohvriterohkeim periood oli 26. juulist 10. augustini 1944. Sinimägede lahingud on inimohvritelt suurimad, mida Eesti pinnal on kunagi peetud.

Tannenbergi liini rünnanud 11 Nõukogude diviisi ja 2 brigaadi lakkasid siin olemast. Punaarmee kaotused olid tohutud, lahingutes langes rivist välja 160 000–170 000 meest. Väikesed polnud ka kaitsjate eestlaste ja teiste euroopa rahvaste ning sakslaste kaotused (umbes 10 000 meest).

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