Golda Me'ir

Golda Me'ir
Golda Me'ir
Iisraeli peaminister
Ametiaeg
17. märts 1969 – 3. juuni 1974
Eelnev Yig'al Allon (kohusetäitja)
Järgnev Yits'ẖak Rabin
Isikuandmed
Sünninimi Golda Mabovitš
Sünniaeg 3. mai 1898
Kiiev, Venemaa Keisririik (tänapäeva Ukraina)
Surmaaeg 8. detsember 1978 (80-aastaselt)
Jeruusalemm, Iisrael
Erakond Mapai (kuni 1968)
HaMa'arakh (1969–1978)
Tööpartei (1968–1978)
Abikaasa Morris Meyerson (1917–1951)
Lapsed 2 last
Alma mater Milwaukee Wisconsini osariigi kolledž (USA)
Autogramm

Golda Me'ir (ka Golda Meir; heebrea גּוֹלְדָּה מֵאִיר; sündinud Golda Mabovitš, tuntud ka nimega Golda Meyerson; 3. mai 1898 Kiiev, Venemaa Keisririik (praegu Ukraina) – 8. detsember 1978 Jeruusalemm, Iisrael) oli Iisraeli riigitegelane ja diplomaat, üks võtmeisikuid Iisraeli riigi loomisel.

Ta oli Iisraeli töö- ja sotsiaalkindlustuse minister, välisminister ning neljas peaminister 17. märtsist 1969 kuni 3. juunini 1974. Margaret Thatcher nimetas teda "raudseks leediks". Ta oli esimene (ja seni ka ainus) Iisraeli naispeaminister ja kolmas naispeaminister maailmas.

Elulugu

Golda Mabovitš sündis puusepp Moiše Mabovitši ja Blume Naiditši perekonnas. Peres oli kaheksa last, kellest viis suri lapsepõlves. Golda ja tema õed Šeine ja Tsipke olid alatihti näljas. Samuti olid elamistingimused viletsad. 1903. aastal siirdus Golda isa Ameerikasse tööle, ülejäänud pere jäi Pinskisse. 1906 kolisid õed koos emaga samuti USAsse.

Perekond seadis end sisse Wisconsini osariigis Milwaukee linnas. Golda isa töötas puusepana, ema pidas toidupoodi. Golda alustas õpinguid koolis Fourth Street Grade School (praegu kannab see Golda Me'iri nime). Kuigi Golda algul inglise keelt ei vallanud, lõpetas ta kooli parimate hulgas.

1910. aastate keskel astus ta noorte rahvusvahelisse sionistlikku organisatsiooni Po'ale Tsiyyon.

1917. aastal abiellus ta Maurice Meyersoniga. Koos otsustasid nad siirduda Palestiinasse Tel Avivi. Seal andis Golda inglise keele eratunde.

Palestiinas sidus Golda Me'ir end asurkonna juhatusega ning ta valiti kibutsi (põllumajanduslik ühistu) esimeeste kongressi delegaadiks. Kongressil tutvus ta ka hilisema Iisraeli peaministri David Ben-Guriyyoniga.

1929. ja 1930. aastal viibis ta sageli välismaal. Aastail 19321934 esindas ta Palestiina juutide naisteorganisatsiooni USAs.

Pärast Palestiinasse naasmist valiti ta juutide ametiühingu Histadrut täitevkomiteesse.

1940. aastatel võitles Golda Me'ir Iisraeli riigi loomise eest ning 29. novembril 1947 kiideti ÜRO istungijärgul heaks Palestiina jagamise kaheks riigiks.

1948. aasta septembris alustas Golda Me'ir Iisraeli esimese diplomaatilise esindajana tööd Moskvas.

1949. aastal valiti Golda Me'ir vasakpoolse Mapai partei esindajana Knessetisse. Aastatel 1949–1956 oli ta tööminister.

1955. aastal kandideeris ta Tel Avivi linnapeaks, kuid ei leidnud piisavat toetust. Ben-Guriyyoni liitlased religioossest blokist ei olnud nõus naissoost kandidaati toetama.

Eelnev
Yig'al Allon (kohusetäitja)
Iisraeli peaminister
19691974
Järgnev
Yits'ẖak Rabin

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