Babtai

Babtai
leedu Babtai
poola Bobty
Vapp
Babtai vapp
Elanikke: 1563 (2011)[1]
Koordinaadid: 55° 6′ N, 23° 48′ E
Babtai (Leedu)
Babtai

Babtai on alev (endine linn) Leedus Kaunase rajoonis, Babtai valla halduskeskus. Alev asub Nevėžise jõe kallastel. Alevis on gümnaasium, algkool ja raamatukogu. Vaatamisväärsusteks on sealne aastal 1853 valminud kirik ja koduloomuuseum.

Ajalugu

Küla on esimest korda kirjalikult mainitud aastal 1386 ja taas aastal 1394 (Babtindorf). Toona oli tegemist kindlustatud külaga, millel oli võimas väravakompleks. XV sajandil sai Babtaist Leedu suurvürstide valdus, selle staatuse säilitas asula XVIII sajandini. XVI sajandil sai Babtaist alev, XVII sajandil linn. Aastal 1672 ehitati asulasse esimene kirik, mille juures aastal 1774 hakkas tegutsema kihelkonnakool Samal aastal avati Babtais postijaam. Aastal 1732 sai Babtai õiguse pidada kolm korda aastas laata. Aastal 1792 kaotas asula linnaõigused.

Alevi elanikud osalesid jaanuariülestõusus. Tsaariajal kasutati vene keeles alevi kohta nimekuju Бобты.[2] Pärast raudteede rajamist hakkas asula tähtsus kahanema.[3] Aastal 1919 rajas Jurgis Urlikys lähedalasuvas Piepaliai külas Babtai Nõukogude Vabariigi, kus hakati koguma makse ning moodustati Venemaalt tulnud ja vasakpoolse ilmavaate omandanud sõduritest oma sõjavägi. Juozas Mikockuse juhtimisel suruti sealne liikumine maha, aga veel samal aastal tuli tal uuesti Babtaisse suunduda, et suruda maha sealsed Poolaga liitumist toetavate Vandžiogala ülestõusnute pooldajad.

Nõukogude ajal küüditati 34 Babtai elanikku. Saksa okupatsiooniväed hukkasid Babtai lähedal metsas 85 sealset juuti,[4] lisaks hukati ka Vandžiogala juudid. Pärast sõda sai Babtaist kohaliku kolhoosi keskasula. Aastal 1960 rajati sinna aianduse katsejaam, aga aastast 1987 sai selle Leedu Puu- ja Köögiviljakasvatuse Instituudi eksperimentaalmajandi keskasula.

  • Babtai
    Babtai
  • Gümnaasium
    Gümnaasium
  • Babtai kirik
    Babtai kirik
  • Instituudi hoone
    Instituudi hoone

Tuntud elanikke

Viited

  1. ↑ [1]
  2. ↑ Бобты. Энциклопедический словарь Брокгауза и Ефрона, Т. 4 (7) : Битбург — Босха. С.-Петербургъ, 1891., 137 lk.
  3. ↑ Simas Sužiedėlis, ed. (1970–1978). "Babtai". Encyclopedia Lituanica. I. Boston, Massachusetts: Juozas Kapočius. lk. 233. LCC 74-114275.
  4. ↑ Kazys Misius, Vidmantas Daugirdas. Babtai. Visuotinė lietuvių enciklopedija, T. II (Arktis-Beketas). – Vilnius: Mokslo ir enciklopedijų leidybos institutas, 2002. 415 lk.

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