Vostok (1819)

Vostok

Moneda conmemorativa, acuñada por el Banco de Rusia en 1994.
Banderas
Historial
Astillero Ójtinski, San Petersburgo
Clase Corbeta
Tipo barco
Botado 1818
Asignado 1819
Destino Desguazada en 1828
Características generales
Desplazamiento 985 t apc
Eslora 39,62 metros
Manga 4,8 metros
Calado 2,10 metros
Aparejo velas cuadradas
Armamento • 16 cañones de 137 mm
• 12 carronadas de 120 mm
Propulsión vela
Velocidad Hasta 10 nudos
Tripulación 117 hombres

La corbeta Vostok (Oriente en ruso) fue el barco de la primera expedición antártica y vuelta al mundo rusa de 1819-1821 bajo el mando de Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen (en la expedición también se encontraba la corbeta Mirni).

Historial

Moneda de platino en la que aparecen la Vostok y la Mirni.

La nave fue botada desde la grada en los astilleros Ójtinski, San Petersburgo, en 1818.

El 14 de julio de 1819, la Vostok, bajo el mando del capitán Bellingshausen, el jefe de la expedición antártica y la Mirny, comandada por el teniente Mijaíl Lázarev, partieron de Kronstadt, y el 28 de enero de 1820, llegaron a las costas de la Antártida. Después de reparaciones varias en Sídney, Australia, estudiaron la zona tropical del océano Pacífico, y el 12 de noviembre de 1820 se dirigieron de nuevo a la Antártida. El 22 de enero de 1821, alcanzaron el punto más al sur: 69°53′S 92°19′O / -69.883, -92.317. El 5 de agosto de 1821, finalizaron su singladura en Kronstadt.

En total, fueron 751 días en los recorrieron unas 49.723 millas (unos 92.300 km). El resultado más importante de la expedición fue el descubrimiento de un sexto continente, la Antártida. Además, un mapa fue levantado y se estudiaron más de 29 islas en un extenso trabajo oceanográfico. En memoria de este viaje extraordinario en Rusia fue diseñada una medalla conmemorativa.

En 1828, la corbeta Vostok fue dada de baja de la lista de la Armada Imperial Rusa y desguazada.

Honores

En su honor se nombraron:

Además, según la tradición establecida, el nombre de "Vostok" fue trasladado a la nave más grande de investigación de la armada rusa.[cita requerida]

En 1994, el Banco de Rusia en la serie La Primera Expedición Antártica Rusa, emitió una moneda conmemorativa de la corbeta Vostok.

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