Ünye

Ünye
District and municipality
Map showing Ünye District in Ordu Province
Ünye Location in Turkey
Coordinates: 41°07′38″N 37°17′17″E
Country	Turkey
Province	Ordu
Government
• Mayor	Hüseyin Tavlı (AKP)
Area	569 km^2 (220 sq mi)
Elevation	10 m (30 ft)
Population  (2022)[1]	132,432
• Density	230/km^2 (600/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+3 (TRT)
Postal code	52300
Area code	0452
Climate	Cfa
Website	www.unye.bel.tr

Ünye (Oinòe, Οἰνόη in ancient Greek) is a municipality and district of Ordu Province, Turkey.^[2] Its area is 569 km²,^[3] and its population is 132,432 (2022).^[1] It is on the Black Sea coast, 76 km west of the city of Ordu.

Geography

Ünye has a little port, in a bay on one of the flatter areas of the Black Sea coast. Agriculture is the basis of the local economy, in particular hazelnut growing, hazelnut trading and hazelnut processing. The town is very quiet in late-July and August when most people are in the countryside for the hazelnut harvest.

The town of Ünye provides high schools, higher education and other services to the surrounding countryside, and other industry includes a large cement factory, flour mills, local handicrafts and the port. The town has grown in recent decades, acquiring the multi-storey concrete blocks spreading along the coast, typical of so many Turkish towns. There are cafes and internet cafes popular with students. The cuisine includes the local pizza called pide.

With its quiet spots for picnics and walking and its excellent beaches Ünye is one of the nicest holiday towns on the eastern Black Sea coast. Affordable pensions and camping facilities as well as 2- or 3-star hotels can be found in the summer season. There are summer festivals and concerts in July.

Climate

Ünye has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen: Cfa).^[4] The climate is typical of the Black Sea region, warm and wet, although because the hinterland is flatter than most of the coastline Ünye has less rainfall.

Climate data for Ünye (1991–2020)
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)	10.4 (50.7)	10.5 (50.9)	12.0 (53.6)	14.6 (58.3)	19.0 (66.2)	24.0 (75.2)	26.9 (80.4)	27.7 (81.9)	24.4 (75.9)	20.2 (68.4)	15.9 (60.6)	12.4 (54.3)	18.2 (64.8)
Daily mean °C (°F)	7.3 (45.1)	7.1 (44.8)	8.4 (47.1)	11.0 (51.8)	15.6 (60.1)	20.6 (69.1)	23.6 (74.5)	24.3 (75.7)	20.9 (69.6)	16.9 (62.4)	12.5 (54.5)	9.2 (48.6)	14.8 (58.6)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)	4.7 (40.5)	4.3 (39.7)	5.7 (42.3)	8.4 (47.1)	12.9 (55.2)	17.6 (63.7)	20.6 (69.1)	21.2 (70.2)	17.9 (64.2)	14.2 (57.6)	9.7 (49.5)	6.7 (44.1)	12.0 (53.6)
Average precipitation mm (inches)	121.53 (4.78)	93.4 (3.68)	98.22 (3.87)	67.98 (2.68)	71.49 (2.81)	73.7 (2.90)	83.33 (3.28)	109.31 (4.30)	100.16 (3.94)	140.69 (5.54)	127.72 (5.03)	126.49 (4.98)	1,214.02 (47.80)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm)	11.3	10.3	11.8	8.9	8.9	6.9	6.0	6.3	8.5	10.3	9.1	11.3	109.6
Average relative humidity (%)	71.0	71.9	75.3	78.7	80.5	77.7	76.2	75.4	76.0	77.7	72.7	70.3	75.3
Mean monthly sunshine hours	74.7	89.5	116.8	156.3	200.9	237.3	247.3	227.0	184.4	136.8	109.5	70.8	1,851.1
Source: NOAA[5]

Etymology

The town's name has evolved from the Greek Oinoe through Oinaion, Unieh, Unie and Unia to the current Ünye.

History

The history of Ünye goes back to the Hittite period in the 15th century BC, followed by the Kashkas, Scythians, Milesians, Persians, Pontus and Ancient Roman/Byzantine eras. During Greco-Roman times, it was called Oenoe and was a port town of Pontus, at the mouth of the river Genius.^[6]

It was also ruled by Danishmends between 1086 and 1098, 1141-1144 and 1150–1157, Sultanate of Rum between 1188 and 1204, 1214-1228 and 1230–1243, Empire of Trebizond in 1204–1214, 1228–1230, 1243-1297 and 1302-1346 and Emirate of Hacıemiroğlu between 1297-1302 and 1346–1461.

During the 1290s, the Ünye fortress was built by the Trebizond emperor Ioanni (II.).^[7]

In the year 1806 the Laz attacked Ünye. This led to the town being evacuated under the guidance of Bishop Meletios and resettling in Sinope.^[8]

Composition

There are 85 neighbourhoods in Ünye District:^[9]

• Ağıdere
• Ataköy
• Atatürk
• Aydıntepe
• Başköy
• Bayramca
• Beylerce
• Buruncu
• Çakmak
• Çamurlu
• Çatak
• Çatalpınar
• Çataltepe
• Cevizdere
• Çiğdemköy
• Çınarcık
• Çınarlık
• Denizbükü
• Dereköy
• Dizdar
• Döşemedibi
• Düzköy
• Düzsaylan
• Elmalık
• Erenyurt
• Esenkale
• Eskikızılcakese
• Fatih
• Fevziçakmak
• Göbü
• Gölcüğez
• Gölevi
• Görecülü
• Günpınarı
• Güzelkale
• Güzelyalı
• Hamidiye
• Hanyanı
• Hızarbaşıgünlük
• Hızarbaşıkumarlı
• İnkur
• İpekyolu
• Kadılar
• Kaledere
• Kaledibi
• Kaleköy
• Karşıyaka
• Keşköy
• Killik
• Kocuklu
• Kuşçulu
• Kuşdoğan
• Liseler
• Nadirli
• Nurettin
• Nuriye
• Ortaköy
• Ortayılmazlar
• Pelitliyatak
• Pınarbaşı
• Sahilköy
• Saraçlı
• Saraycık
• Sarıhalil
• Şenyurt
• Seylan
• Sofutepesi
• Taflancık
• Taşça
• Tekkiraz
• Tepeköy
• Üçpınar
• Uğurlu
• Yavı
• Yaycı
• Yaylalı
• Yazkonağı
• Yenikent
• Yenikızılcakese
• Yeniköy
• Yeşilada
• Yeşilkent
• Yiğitler
• Yüceler
• Yunus Emre

Economy

İrfan Akar is the President of the Chamber of Commerce and Industry of Ünye, which is one of the important trade centers of the Black Sea region.^[10] Osman Sarıkahraman is the President of the Unye Chamber of Agriculture.^[11]

Sport

The women's football team Ünye Gücü F.K. was promoted to the Turkish Women's Super League following winning the play-offs at the end of the 2023-24 Turkish Women's First League.^[12]

Main sights

• The 18th-century town hall.
• Çamlık - picnic area in a wood overlooking the sea
• Çakırtepe - a hilltop view of the town
• Ünye Castle (dating back to the Pontus era).
• Uzunkum - the longest beach on the Black Sea

Notable natives

• Fahrettin Çiloğlu, writer and translator
• Gulsen, artist
• Refaiddin Şahin State Minister-MP, has attracted government spending to Ünye
• Tamer Karan, singer

References

1. "Address-based population registration system (ADNKS) results dated 31 December 2022, Favorite Reports" (XLS). TÜİK. Retrieved 19 September 2023.
2. Büyükşehir İlçe Belediyesi, Turkey Civil Administration Departments Inventory. Retrieved 19 September 2023.
3. "İl ve İlçe Yüz ölçümleri". General Directorate of Mapping. Retrieved 19 September 2023.
4. "Table 1 Overview of the Köppen-Geiger climate classes including the defining criteria". Nature: Scientific Data.
5. "World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991-2020 — Ünye". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved January 17, 2024.
6.  Smith, William, ed. (1854–1857). "Oenoe". Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography. London: John Murray.
7. Zehiroglu, Ahmet M. ; "Trabzon Imparatorlugu" 2016 (ISBN 978-605-4567-52-2) ; p.100
8. Pontic History Timeline 1774 - 1923
9. Mahalle, Turkey Civil Administration Departments Inventory. Retrieved 19 September 2023.
10. Gazete, Banka (21 November 2021). "ÜTSO Başkanı Akar'dan iş dünyasına çağrı: 'Fiyatlar güncellenmeli'". Gazetebanka.com. p. https://gazetebanka.com/. Retrieved 21 November 2021.
11. Gazete, Banka (19 January 2022). "Sarıkahraman: 'Fındıkta şimdilik zirai don tehlikesi söz konusu değildir'". Gazete Banka. p. https://gazetebanka.com/. Retrieved 19 January 2022.
12. "Ünye Gücü'nde Süper Lig sevinci". TRT Spor (in Turkish). 3 April 2024. Retrieved 12 May 2024.

External links

• Municipal Official Site (in Turkish)
• District Official Site (in Turkish)
• News & City Portal (in Turkish)
• Historical Information Page (in Turkish)
• Places to be Visited (in Turkish)
• City Football Club (Ünyespor) (in Turkish)