Voiceless velar nasal

Voiceless velar nasal
ŋ̊
Audio sample
Encoding
X-SAMPAN_0

The voiceless velar nasal is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨ŋ̊⟩, a combination of the letter for the voiced velar nasal and a diacritic indicating voicelessness. (For reasons of legibility, the ring is usually placed above the letter, rather than regular ⟨ŋ̥⟩). The equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is N_0.

Features

Features of the voiceless velar nasal:

Occurrence

Language Word IPA Meaning Notes
Alutiiq eqeshngarluni [əqəsŋ̊aχluni] 'sneeze once' See Alutiiq language.
Burmese[1] ငှါး/nga: [ŋ̊á] 'borrow'
Central Alaskan Yup'ik[2] calisteńguciquq [tʃaˈlistəˈŋ̊utʃɪquq] 'he will be a worker'
Faroese[3][4] onkur [ˈɔŋ̊kʰʊɹ] 'anybody' Allophone of /n/ before an aspirated velar. See Faroese phonology
Icelandic[5] banka [ˈpäu̯ŋ̊kä] 'to knock' See Icelandic phonology
Pa Na[6] [ma˧˩.ŋ̊ŋ̍˧˩˧] 'leech'
Washo[7] dewŊétiʔ [dewˈŋ̊etiʔ] 'hillside sloping down'
Welsh[8] fy nghot [və ŋ̊ɔt] 'my coat' Occurs as the nasal mutation of /k/. See Welsh phonology
Xumi Lower[9] [ŋ̊ɑ˦mõ˦] 'camel' Occurs mostly in loanwords from Tibetan.[9]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Ladefoged & Maddieson (1996), p. 111.
  2. ^ Jacobson (1995), p. 3.
  3. ^ Árnason (2011), p. 124.
  4. ^ Þráinsson et al. (2012), p. ?.
  5. ^ Árnason (2011), p. 109.
  6. ^ Chen (2001), p. 72.
  7. ^ Jacobsen (1964), p. 54.
  8. ^ Jones (1984), p. 51.
  9. ^ a b Chirkova & Chen (2013), pp. 365, 367.

References

  • Árnason, Kristján (2011), The Phonology of Icelandic and Faroese, Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0-19-922931-4
  • Chirkova, Katia; Chen, Yiya (2013), "Xumi, Part 1: Lower Xumi, the Variety of the Lower and Middle Reaches of the Shuiluo River" (PDF), Journal of the International Phonetic Association, 43 (3): 363–379, doi:10.1017/S0025100313000157[permanent dead link]
  • Jacobson, Steven (1995), A Practical Grammar of the Central Alaskan Yup'ik Eskimo Language, Fairbanks: Alaska Native Language Center, ISBN 978-1-55500-050-9
  • Jones, Glyn E. (1984), "The distinctive vowels and consonants of Welsh", in Martin J. Ball and Glyn E. Jones (ed.), Welsh Phonology: Selected Readings, Cardiff: University of Wales Press, pp. 40–64, ISBN 0-7083-0861-9
  • Ladefoged, Peter; Maddieson, Ian (1996). The Sounds of the World's Languages. Oxford: Blackwell. ISBN 0-631-19815-6.
  • Þráinsson, Höskuldur; Petersen, Hjalmar P.; Jacobsen, Jógvan í Lon; Hansen, Zakaris Svabo (2012), Faroese – An Overview and Reference Grammar, Tórshavn: Føroya fróðskaparfelag, ISBN 9789991841854
  • Chen, Qiguang [陈其光]. 2001. "A Brief Introduction of Bana Language [巴那语概况]". Minzu Yuwen.
  • Jacobsen, William Horton (15 August 1964). A grammar of the Washo language (PhD). University of California, Berkeley – via eScholarship.