Van Horn is a town in and the seat of Culberson County, Texas, United States.[5] According to the 2010 census, Van Horn had a population of 2,063,[6] down from 2,435 at the 2000 census. The 2020 census results detailed a decline in population to 1,941. Van Horn's official newspaper is The Van Horn Advocate. The town is the westernmost incorporated community in the United States that uses the Central Time Zone, located on the same line of longitude as Cheyenne, Wyoming, and Colorado Springs, Colorado. Its earliest sunset in the beginning of December is the latest among incorporated towns in the United States, occurring no earlier than 5:56 pm.[7]
History
Anglo-Texan[8] settlement began in the late 1850s and early 1860s supportive of the San Antonio-El PasoOverland Mail route.[9] Although U.S. Army Major Jefferson Van Horne is believed to have passed near the area in 1849 on his way to take command of what would later become Fort Bliss, the town is instead named for Lt. James Judson Van Horn who commanded an army garrison at the Van Horn Wells beginning in 1859. Lt. Van Horn's command was relatively short-lived, as the post was seized by Confederate forces in 1861 and Lt. Van Horn taken prisoner.[10] Settlement was further stimulated by the construction of the Texas and Pacific Railway in 1881.[11][12][13] The town has several buildings on the National Register of Historic Places including the First Presbyterian Church (now Primera Iglesia Bautista), built in 1901.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 2.8 square miles (7.3 km2), all land.[6] Threemile Peak, elevation 4,868 feet (1,484 m), rises to the northwest overlooking the town.
The old Eagle Field, before the 2014 construction of the new stadium, with Threemile Peak in the background
Threemile Peak, with a white "V" for Van Horn on it
Climate
Climate data for Van Horn, Texas (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1942–present)
As of the 2020 United States census, there were 1,941 people, 607 households, and 339 families residing in the town.
2000 census
As of the census[3] of 2000, 2,435 people, 834 households, and 652 families resided in the town. The population density was 846.9 inhabitants per square mile (327.0/km2). The 976 housing units averaged 339.5 per square mile (130.8/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 64.6% White, 0.7% African American, 0.6% Native American, 0.6% Asian, 31.5% from other races, and 2.1% from two or more races. Hispanics or Latinos of any race were 78.6% of the population.
In late 2006, The Wall Street Journal reported that Jeff Bezos, founder and CEO of Amazon, had acquired 290,000 acres (1,200 km2) of land 25 miles (40 km) north of Van Horn, including the Figure 2 Ranch Airport, to house his fledgling space tourism company, Blue Origin. A 2006 article on Space.com reported that Blue Origin was expected to start commercial operations as early as 2010, aiming for 52 launches per year from the Van Horn facility.[22] This spaceport is named Corn Ranch.
In early 2010, NASA awarded Blue Origin US$3.7 million to work on an advanced technology, which detaches a crew cabin from its launcher if the shuttle malfunctions.[23]
An August 2016 update reported Blue Origin was still conducting test flights with plans to begin flying piloted tests in 2017 and paying customers in 2018.[24][25] Blue Origin's actual first human launch from, and return to, Van Horn occurred on the morning of July 20, 2021, with a crew of four people.[26]
10,000-year clock
In 2009, the Van Horn Advocate announced that the Long Now Foundation was starting geologic testing for an underground space to house a 10,000-year Clock of the Long Now, on the Bezos ranch, north of Van Horn.[27]
Popular culture
Van Horn provided the inspiration for the 2019 song "Van Horn" by alternative-rock band Saint Motel which was featured on their EP The Original Motion Picture Soundtrack: Part 1 after the band spent a night there on a recent tour.[28]
Famed football coach John Madden put Chuy's Restaurant on the national map after a 1987 stop with his Madden Cruiser bus.[29]
Gallery
Threemile Mountain (on the left), looking northwest (USGS photo by George B. Richardson, 1913)
Similar view of Threemile Mountain (left) and Beach Mountains (right) in 2008
Culberson County Hospital and Van Horn Rural Health Clinic (2013)
^Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race.[19][20]
^"San Antonio-El Paso Mail". The Handbook of Texas Online. For more on the establishment of this route, see United States Army, Corps of Topographical Engineers; Eggleston Johnston, Joseph; Bryan, Francis T.; Marcy, Randolph Barnes; Smith, William F.; Michler, N. H.; French, S. G.; Whiting, W. H. C.; Simpson, James H. (1850). Reports of the Secretary of War: with Reconnaissances of Routes from San Antonio to El Paso. Washington, DC: Union Office. Retrieved May 22, 2009.
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