Riochican

The Riochican (Spanish: Riochiquense) age is a period of geologic time (57.0–54.0 Ma) within the Paleocene and Eocene epochs of the Paleogene, used more specifically within the South American land mammal ages (SALMA). It follows the Peligran and precedes the Itaboraian age.^[1]

Etymology

This age is named after the Río Chico Group of the Golfo San Jorge Basin.

Formations

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Locations of Riochican formations

Formation bold is type	Country	Basin	Notes
Río Chico Group	Argentina	Golfo San Jorge Basin	[2]
Bogotá Formation	Colombia	Altiplano Cundiboyacense	[3]
Bororó Formation	Argentina	Golfo San Jorge Basin	[4]
Chota Formation	Peru	Bagua Basin	[5][6]
Koluel Kaike Formation	Argentina	Golfo San Jorge Basin	[7]
Las Flores Formation	Argentina	Austral Basin	[8]
Maíz Gordo Formation	Argentina	Salta Basin	[9]
Mealla Formation	Argentina	Salta Basin	[10]
Mogollón Formation	Peru	Talara & Tumbes Basins	[11]
Muñani Formation	Peru	Altiplano Basin	[12]
Peñas Coloradas Formation	Argentina	Golfo San Jorge Basin	[13]
Río Loro Formation	Argentina	Sierras Pampeanas	[14]
Salamanca Formation	Argentina	Golfo San Jorge Basin	[13]

Fossils

Group	Fossils	Formation	Notes
Mammals	Etayoa bacatensis	Bogotá	[15]
	Brandmayria simpsoni, Ernestokokenia chaishoer, E. ?yirunhor, Isotemnus cf. primitivus, Palangania brandmayri, Anisolambda sp., Henricosbornia sp., Josepholeidya sp., Notopithecus sp., Othnielmarshia sp., Polydolops winecage, Ricardolydekkeria sp., Trigonostylops sp., Victorlemoinea sp., ?Eohyrax sp., ?Nemolestes sp., ?Notostylops sp., ?Pleurostylodon sp., ?Polystylops sp., ?Postpithecus sp., Dasypodidae indet.	Koluel Kaike	[16][17] [18]
	Eoastrapostylops riolorense, Notonychops powelli, Satshatemnus bonapartei	Río Loro	[19]
Reptiles & amphibians	Testudines indet.	Koluel Kaike	[18]
	Pelomedusoides sp.	Maíz Gordo	[20]
	Lorosuchus nodosus, Pelomedusoides cf. argentinensis	Río Loro	[21]
Fishes	?Cyprinodon primulus	Maíz Gordo	[22]
Insects	Anthicus sepultulus, Austrolibellula noroestenia, Carabites harringtoni, Celinapterix bellissima, Cryptophagus sunchalensis, Curculionites harringtoni, C. jujuyensis, C. magdalinus, C. parastictus, C. stebingeri, C. sunchalicus, C. wielandi, Curviarculia delicata, C. lamasi, Gryllites vocalis, Jujusia maizgorda, Latibasalia elongata, L. quispeae, Lebia harrelli, Ormenis devincta, Otiorhynchites aterrimus, O. crassus, Palaeomacromia multicellulata, Palaeophya argentina, Promegalestes singularis, Tenebrionites inclinans, Thyridates novokschonovi, ?Anthonomus sunchalensis, ?Corizus deflagratus, ?Cossonus devoratus, ?Haruspex defectus, ?Molanna derosa, ?Podabrus santaritensis, ?Trichodes stebingeri	Maíz Gordo	[22][23] [24][25] [26][27] [28][29]
Flora	Banaraphyllum ovatum, Cissites patagonica, Cryptocaryoides mariasantisimensis, Dryophyllum australis, Fagophyllum duseni, Laurophyllum chubutensis, Laurophyllum piatnitzkyi, Myrica premira, Nothofagidites visserensis, Paranymphaea aristolochiaformis, Sterculia acuminataloba, Zizyphus chubutensis	Río Chico	[30][31]
	Palmoxylon patagonicum	Bororó	[32]
	Cordioxylon prototrichotoma	Peñas Coloradas	[33]
	Palmoxylon patagonicum	Salamanca	[32]

References

1. Paleo Database: Riochican
2. Raigemborn et al., 2010, p.240
3. Bayona et al., 2012, p.103
4. Scarfati et al., 2009, p.36
5. Chacaltana et al., 2015, p.2
6. Castro Medina, 2010, p.53
7. Raigemborn et al., 2010, p.251
8. Raigemborn et al., 2010, p.249
9. Narváez, 2009, p.24
10. Sánchez & Marquillas, 2010, p.389
11. Quispe Alcalá, 2010, p.21
12. Gelfo & Goin, 2011
13. Clyde et al., 2014, p.303
14. Pol & Powell, 2011, S9
15. Quebrada Mochuelo at Fossilworks.org
16. Bajo Palangana at Fossilworks.org
17. Bajo de la Palangana at Fossilworks.org
18. Cerro Redondo at Fossilworks.org
19. Aguas Chiquitas at Fossilworks.org
20. Quebrada del Puesto at Fossilworks.org
21. El Cadillal Lake at Fossilworks.org
22. Sierra Santa Bárbara East at Fossilworks.org
23. Quebrada El Gritón at Fossilworks.org
24. La Cuesta Azul at Fossilworks.org
25. El Fuerte at Fossilworks.org
26. La Mendieta at Fossilworks.org
27. El Garabatal at Fossilworks.org
28. Sunchal at Fossilworks.org
29. Sunchal Station 3 at Fossilworks.org
30. Cerro Funes at Fossilworks.org
31. Puerto Visser at Fossilworks.org
32. Palmoxylon at Fossilworks.org
33. Puerto Visser at Fossilworks.org

Bibliography

Bogotá Formation

• Bloch, Jonathan Ivan; Cadena, Edwin; Hastings, Alexander; Rincón, Aldo F.; Jaramillo, Carlos (2008), "Vertebrate faunas from the Paleocene Bogotá Formation of northern Colombia (Abstract)", Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, Society of Vertebrate Paleontology, 68th Annual Meeting: _, retrieved 2017-03-29
• Guerrero Uscátegui, Alberto Lobo (1992), Geología e Hidrogeología de Santafé de Bogotá y su Sabana, Sociedad Colombiana de Ingenieros, pp. 1–20
• Montoya Arenas, Diana María; Reyes Torres, Germán Alfonso (2005), Geología de la Sabana de Bogotá, INGEOMINAS, pp. 1–104

Bororó Formation

• Scarfati, L.; Melendi, D.L.; Volkheimer, W. (2009), "A Danian subtropical lacustrine palynobiota from South America (Bororó Formation, San Jorge Basin, Patagonia - Argentina)", Geologica Acta, 7: 35–61, retrieved 2018-09-10

Chota Formation

• Castro Medina, Walter Fidel (2010), Geología, informe temático. Proyecto Zonificación Ecológica y Económica del departamento de Amazonas (PDF), Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana (IIAP), pp. 1–76, retrieved 2018-09-04
• Chacaltana, César; Benites Cañote, Alexandra Lucytania; Valdivia, Waldir; Chumpitaz, Marco (2014), La formación Chota en la Cuenca Bagua: Evaluación e implicancias del criterio de clasificación litoestratigráfico, Congreso Peruano de Geología, pp. 1–4, retrieved 2017-08-15

Las Flores Formation

• Raigemborn, María Sol; Krause, Javier M.; Bellosi, Eduardo; Matheos, Sergio D. (2010), "Redefinición estratigráfica del Grupo Río Chico (Paleógeno inferior), en el norte de la Cuenca del Golfo San Jorge, Chubut" (PDF), Revista de la Asociación Geológica Argentina, 67: 239–256, retrieved 2017-08-15

Koluel Kaike Formation

• Raigemborn, María Sol; Krause, Javier M.; Bellosi, Eduardo; Matheos, Sergio D. (2010), "Redefinición estratigráfica del Grupo Río Chico (Paleógeno inferior), en el norte de la Cuenca del Golfo San Jorge, Chubut" (PDF), Revista de la Asociación Geológica Argentina, 67: 239–256, retrieved 2017-08-15

Maíz Gordo Formation

• Narváez, Paula Liliana (2009), Palinoestratigrafía, paleoambientes y cambios climáticos durante el Cretácico final y Paleógeno de la Cuenca del Grupo Salta, República Argentina (PhD thesis) (PDF), Universidad Nacional de Salta, pp. 1–229, retrieved 2017-10-18

Mealla Formation

• Sánchez, María Cristina; Marquillas, Rosa A. (2010), "Facies y ambientes del Grupo Salta (Cretácico-Paleógeno) en Tumbaya, Quebrada de Humahuaca, Provincia de Jujuy" (PDF), Revista de la Asociación Geológica Argentina, 67: 383–391, retrieved 2018-09-07

Mogollón Formation

• Antoine, Pierre-Olivier; Billet, Guillaume; Salas Gismondi, Rodolfo; Tejada Lara, Julia; Baby, Patrice; Brusset, Stéphane; Espurt, Nicolas (2015), "A New Carodnia Simpson, 1935 (Mammalia, Xenungulata) from the Early Eocene of Northwestern Peru and a Phylogeny of Xenungulates at Species Level", Journal of Mammalian Evolution, 22 (2): 129–140, doi:10.1007/s10914-014-9278-1, retrieved 2019-02-13
• Quispe Alcalá, David Ricardo (2010), Evaluación Geológica de la Formación Mogollón en el Yacimiento Leones – Cuenca Talara (MSc. thesis) (PDF), Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería, pp. 1–87, retrieved 2017-10-18

Muñani Formation

• Gelfo, Javier N.; Sigé, Bernard (2011), "A new didolodontid mammal from the late Paleocene–earliest Eocene of Laguna Umayo, Peru" (PDF), Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 56 (4): 665–678, doi:10.4202/app.2010.0067, retrieved 2017-08-15

Peñas Coloradas Formation

• Clyde, William C.; Wilf, Peter; Iglesias, Ari; Slingerland, Rudy L.; Bijl, Peter K.; Bralower, Timothy J.; Brinkhuis, Henk; Comer, Emily; Huber, Mauricio Ibañez Mejia, Brian R. Jicha, J. Marcelo Krause, Jonathan D. Schueth, Bradley S. Singer, María Sol Raigemborn, Mark D. Schmitz, Appy Sluijs, and María del Carmen Zamaloa, Brian T. (2014), "New age constraints for the Salamanca Formation and lower Río Chico Group in the western San Jorge Basin, Patagonia, Argentina: Implications for Cretaceous-Paleogene extinction recovery and land mammal age correlations" (PDF), GSA Bulletin, 126 (3–4): 289–306, Bibcode:2014GSAB..126..289C, doi:10.1130/B30915.1, retrieved 2017-08-15
• Raigemborn, María Sol; Krause, Javier M.; Bellosi, Eduardo; Matheos, Sergio D. (2010), "Redefinición estratigráfica del Grupo Río Chico (Paleógeno inferior), en el norte de la Cuenca del Golfo San Jorge, Chubut" (PDF), Revista de la Asociación Geológica Argentina, 67: 239–256, retrieved 2017-08-15

Río Loro Formation

• Pol, Diego; Powell, Jaime E. (2011), "A new sebecid mesoeucrocodylian from the Rio Loro Formation (Palaeocene) of north-western Argentina", Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 163: S7–S36, doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.2011.00714.x, hdl:11336/69518

Salamanca Formation

• Apesteguia, Sebastián; Gómez, Raúl O.; Rougier, Guillermo W. (2014), "The youngest South American rhynchocephalian, a survivor of the K/Pg extinction", Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 281 (1792): 20140811, doi:10.1098/rspb.2014.0811, PMC 4150314, PMID 25143041, retrieved 2019-03-03
• Bonaparte, J.F.; Morales, J. (1997), "Un primitico Notonychopidae (Litopterna) del paleoceno inferior de Punta Peligro, Chubut, Argentina" (PDF), Estudios Geológicos, 53 (5–6): 263–274, doi:10.3989/egeol.97535-6232, retrieved 2018-10-01
• Clyde, William C.; Wilf, Peter; Iglesias, Ari; Slingerland, Rudy L.; Barnum, Timothy; Bijl, Peter K.; Bralower, Timothy J.; Brinkhuis, Henk; Comer, Brian T. Huber, Mauricio Ibañez Mejia, Brian R. Jicha, J. Marcelo Krause, Jonathan D. Schueth, Bradley S. Singer, María Sol Raigemborn, Mark D. Schmitz, Appy Sluijs, María del Carmen Zamaloa, Emily E. (2014), "New age constraints for the Salamanca Formation and lower Río Chico Group in the western San Jorge Basin, Patagonia, Argentina: Implications for Cretaceous-Paleogene extinction recovery and land mammal age correlations" (PDF), GSA Bulletin, 126 (3–4): 289–306, Bibcode:2014GSAB..126..289C, doi:10.1130/B30915.1, retrieved 2017-08-15
• Jud, Nathan A.; Gandolfo, Maria A.; Iglesias, Ari; Wilf, Peter (2017), "Flowering after disaster: Early Danian buckthorn (Rhamnaceae) flowers and leaves from Patagonia", PLOS ONE, 12 (5): e0176164, Bibcode:2017PLoSO..1276164J, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0176164, PMC 5425202, PMID 28489895
• Ruiz, Daniela P.; Brea, Mariana; Raigemborn, M. Sol; Matheos, Sergio D. (2017), "Conifer woods from the Salamanca Formation (early Paleocene), Central Patagonia, Argentina: Paleoenvironmental implications", Journal of South American Earth Sciences, 76: 427–445, Bibcode:2017JSAES..76..427R, doi:10.1016/j.jsames.2017.04.006, hdl:11336/41178, retrieved 2019-02-14