Rajeev Kumar VarshneyFRS (born 13 July 1973) is an Indian agricultural scientist, specializing in genomics, genetics, molecular breeding and capacity building in developing countries. Varshney is currently serving as director, Western Australian State Agricultural Biotechnology Center; director, Centre for Crop & Food Innovation; and International Chair in Agriculture & Food Security with the Food Futures Institute at Murdoch University, Australia since Feb 2022.[1] Before joining Murdoch University, Australia he served International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), a global agriculture R&D institute, for more than 16 years in different scientific and research leadership roles including Research Program Director for three global research programs– Grain Legumes, Genetic Gains and Accelerated Crop Improvement Program. He has the onus of establishing and nurturing the Center of Excellence in Genomics & Systems Biology (CEGSB), a globally recognized center for genomics research at ICRISAT that made impacts on improving agriculture and development of human resources in several countries including India, China, Kenya, Ethiopia, Tanzania, Nigeria, Ghana, Mali, Senegal, Burkina Faso, etc. Varshney holds Adjunct/Honorary/Visiting Professor positions at 10 academic institutions in Australia, China, Ghana, Hong Kong and India, including The University of Western Australia, University of Queensland, West Africa Centre for Crop Improvement (University of Ghana), University of Hyderabad, Chaudhary Charan Singh University and Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University.
Varshney is a globally recognized leader for his work on genome sequencing, cataloguing and utilizing genetic diversity, genomics-assisted breeding, seed system and capacity building in developing countries. He has made centrally important contributions towards improving food and nutrition security in India and several countries in Africa and Asia by assembling genomes, developing genomic resources and integrating genomic technologies in crop improvement programs in many tropical crops, and delivering several superior crop varieties to some of the world’s poorest farmers. His research group at present at Murdoch University is working on improving wheat, legume and horticultural crops for a range of agronomic, and abiotic stress tolerance traits by developing and deploying novel genomics and pre-breeding approaches such as pangenomics, haplotype cataloguing and functional genomics approaches.
He is a highly prolific author and Clarivate Highly Cited Researcher for 9 consecutive years in a row since 2014. He is the only agricultural/plant scientist in India, and the only translational plant biologist in Australia to achieve an h-index of >100 as per Google Scholar.[2] He is an elected fellow/Academician to about 10 science and agriculture academies/ societies in India, Germany, USA, Africa, that is a rare feat for any scientist. His research work has been recognized with >30 prestigious awards from USA, Germany, China, India, Nepal, Vietnam, Philippines, UAE, and many countries in Africa including the most coveted science award, Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize,[3] and the most prestigious agricultural science award, Rafi Ahmed Kidwai Award,[4][5] from Government of India, International Crop Science Award from USA, Qilu Friendship Award, and Guangdong Friendship Award from China. Varshney has been named as the Top Scientist in Agronomy & Crop Science category in the list of 250 Top Scientists in Australia by The Australian newspaper’s Research Magazine in 2022, among the Top 100 scientists from Asia by The Asian Scientist magazine in 2022, among 25 global researchers in biotechnology by Nature Biotechnology in 2021, and one of 10 most influential Indian scientists by The Times of India, a leading Indian daily newspaper in 2019.
Varshney, a TEDx speaker[6] is frequently invited in international conferences as Plenary/ Keynote/ Inspirational speaker or Session Chair. He has presented research and novel concepts related to food and nutrition security in several high-level fora such as: G8 International Conference on Open Data for Agriculture on Open Data in Genomics and Modern Breeding for Crop Improvement,[7] organized by US and UK Governments in the World Bank (2013); Brainstorming session on Digital Revolution for Agriculture at Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation in (2012);[8] Brainstorming session on DNA Fingerprinting for Impact Assessment, BMGF, USA (2018); FAO's international conference on Agricultural Biotechnology in Developing Countries in Mexico (2010);[9]FAO's Regional Conference on Agricultural Bio technologies in Sustainable Foods Systems and Nutrition in Asia-Pacific Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia (2017)[10] etc. Varshney’s research and interviews have been published in many Indian/ International print and electronic media including TV channels and radio programs. Varshney’s research and interviews have been published in many reputed media houses including TV channels and radio programs e.g. The New York Times,[11] The Economist,[12] BBC,[13] Forbes,[14] SciDevNet,[15] ISAAA, Food Technology, Cosmos[16] Down to Earth,[17] The Times of India, Hindustan Times, The Hindu Business Line, Financial Express, Mongabay,[18] Australian Broadcasting Corp, Doordarshan, E-TV, AP24X7, FM Radio, etc.
Education and Professional career
Varshney received his bachelor's degree (B.Sc. Honours) in botany and master's degree in botany (genetics, plant breeding and molecular biology) from the Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh in 1993 and 1995, respectively. He then joined the laboratory of Professor P K Gupta at Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut and earned doctoral degree (PhD) in 2001 in agriculture (molecular biology) based on work done on a Wheat Biotechnology Project sponsored by Department of Biotechnology, Government of India. In addition, Varshney has undertaken several high-performance leadership and management courses from the leading business and management schools in Singapore,[19] Malaysia and The Philippines.[20]
After receiving his PhD degree, Varshney took up an assignment of Wissenschaftlicher Mitarbeiter (research scientist) in 2001 at Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics & Crop Plant Research (IPK), Gatersleben, Germany. He worked there for five years in the area of structural and functional genomics of barley and comparative genomics of cereals. He then accepted the assignment of senior scientist for applied genomics at ICRISAT in late 2005. With an objective to accelerate genomics research in dryland crops, he as a founding director established Center of Excellence in Genomics in 2007, with support from Department of Biotechnology Government of India. Later in 2017, this center transformed into Center of Excellence in Genomics & Systems Biology.[21] He was promoted to the position of principal scientist (applied genomics) at ICRISAT in 2007. He had a dual appointment with ICRISAT as principal scientist and GCP as subProgramme leader from 2007 to 2013. He served as research program director– grain legumes for a period of three years (2013–2016) and as global research program director– genetic gains and later for the Accelerated Crop Improvement Program, ICRISAT during 2016 to 2021. While working at ICRISAT, he contributed to transform so called orphan legume crops in genomic resources rich crops and made it possible to undertake genomics-assisted breeding in these tropical crops.
To take up new challenges in agriculture, Varshney joined Murdoch University in February 2022 as director, Western Australian State Agricultural Biotechnology Center; director, Centre for Crop & Food Innovation; and International Chair in Agriculture & Food Security with the Food Futures Institute.
INSA-Young Scientist Medal by the Indian National Science Academy (INSA), 2008
NASI-Young Scientist Platinum Jubilee Award by the National Academy of Sciences, India (NASI), 2007
Significant contribution to crop genetics and breeding
Varshney has made significant scientific contributions including the following:
Reference genome sequence assemblies for 13 plant species: namely pigeonpea,[55] chickpea,[56] diploid progenitors[57][58] and cultivated groundnut,[59][60] pearl millet,[61] sesame,[62] mungbean,[63] adzuki bean,[64] longan,[65] Jatropha,[66] Soybean[67] and Celery[68]
Integration of genomic innovations in breeding for development of improved varieties: Drought tolerance and Fusarium Wilt resistance in Chickpea in India[69] and Ethiopia,[70] High Oleic groundnut variety[71]
Genomic resources for genetics and plant breeding: catalogues of genome variations,[72][73] gene expression atlases,[74][75] high density and low density genotyping platforms, >50 genetic maps, QTLs/molecular markers for >20 traits in legumes crops
Novel concepts and approaches: Genomics-assisted breeding,[76] Genic micro-satellites,[77] Translational Genomics for crop improvement,[78] Super-Pangenome,[79] 5Gs for crop genetic improvement[80] and haplotype-based breeding[81]
Decision support tools and pipelines for genomics research and breeding applications: ISMU,[82] CicArVarDB,[83] CicArMiSatDB[84]
Improved seed delivery system: Contributed to seed system by providing strategic guidance and support to replace old varieties in farmers’ fields and strengthening seed system in developing countries in Africa and Asia[85]
Service to the scientific community
Varshney has served/ serving Editorial Board of several international journals such as Plant Biotechnology Journal, Theoretical and Applied Genetics, Molecular Genetics & Genomics, Plant Breeding, The Plant Genome, Frontiers in Plant Science, Crop and Pasture Science, BMC Plant Biology, BMC Genetics, Molecular Breeding, Euphytica, Plant Genetic Resources, Journal of Plant Biochemistry and Biotechnology, etc. He has been a guest editor for Special Issue for several journals like Current Opinion in Plant Biology, Molecular Breeding, Plant Breeding, Briefing in Functional Genomics, Frontiers in Plant Science, Plant Genetic Resources, etc.
Varshney has served/serving steering committee/ organizing committee/ programme committee for several international conferences, including FAO Conference on Application of Biotechnologies in Developing Countries (ABDC-10),[86] Plant & Animal Genome Conference Asia. As a chair, Varshney organized several conferences, including ICLGG,[87] five editions of NGGIBCI[88] and InterDrought-V.[89] At present he is chair for 3rd International Wheat Congress (IWC),[90] Chair for Genomics of Plant Genetic Resources (GPGR-V), and also co-chair for Plant & Animal Genome Conference (PAG), Australia.[91]
Varshney has delivered invited presentations in several high-level meetings related to international agricultural research including: (i) Plenary Talk in 30th PAG USA (the world’s largest genomics conference) in Jan 2023, (ii) G8 International Conference on Open Data for Agriculture on Open Data in Genomics and Modern Breeding for Crop Improvement, organized by US and UK Governments in the World Bank 29–30 April 2013], (iii) brainstorming session on Digital Revolution for Agriculture at Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation in July 2012, (iv) brainstorming session on DNA Fingerprinting for Impact Assessment, BMGF, USA (2018), (v) FAO's international conference on Agricultural Biotechnology in Developing Countries in Mexico (2010), (vi) FAO's Regional Conference on Agricultural Bio technologies in Sustainable Foods Systems and Nutrition in Asia-Pacific Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia (2017), (vii) Scientific Advisory Committee Meeting on Article 17 (Global Information System) of International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food & Agriculture of United Nations' FAO (2016), (viii) Quality of Research Workshop organized by CGIAR (2017), (ix) Science Forum of CGIAR in Wageningen, The Netherlands (2009). While serving international agriculture in developing countries, Varshney had privilege to meet several high profile and influential personalities from science, society and politics that includes Noble Laureate (Late) Dr Norman Borlaug,[92] Mr Bill Gates, co-chair of Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and Mr Narendra Modi,[93] the prime minister of India.
Varshney has edited/ co-edited several books that makes significant contribution to agricultural science, plant genomics, molecular breeding etc. field and serves as good resource for Early Career Researchers. Select list of Varshney’s books are available at Amazon[96]
^ICRISAT scientist receives topmost honor from Crop Science Society of America (CSSA), "ICRISAT press release" Retrieved on 2 December 2015.
^Prestigious Indian National Science Academy (INSA) fellowship conferred on Rajeev K Varshney, "ICRISAT newsletter happenings no. 1605" retrieved on 10 January 2014.
^Agri scientist Rajeev Varshney conferred award, "zeenews online portal". Retrieved on 10 January 2014
^Rajeev Varshney receiving fellowship from The National Science Academy, India, 2015 retrieved on 7 July 2020
^Faculty research Awards 2018: Outstanding Authors, "News Career360 website". Retrieved on 14 Aug 2018.
^Dr Rajeev K Varshney, received Doreen Margaret Mashler Award for 2016 for his leadership in increasing ICRISAT's international visibility in the area of genome science and molecular biology, "Dr Varshney’s facebook post". Retrieved on 23 April 2017.
^Dr Rajeev K Varshney, recognized and felicitated for his leadership in the development and application of genomic tools and pipelines that facilitate sequence-based breeding methods for improvement of Arachis cultivars, ICRISAT Newsletter happenings no. 1739. Retrieved on 24 March 2017.
^Qilu friendship award 2016 for his contribution to groundnut research, "ICRISAT media update". Retrieved on 14 October 2016.
^11 selected for Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar award, "The Hindu". Retrieved on 27 September 2015.
^Thomson Reuters Research Excellence - India Citation Awards 2015 awarded to Dr Rajeev Varshney, "ICRISAT Newsletter happenings no. 1695" retrieved on 1 October 2015.
^ICRISAT
2013 Illumina Greater Good Initiative Award Winner [2], 2013 retrieved on 17 August 2020.
^Young Crop Scientist Award conferred to Rajeev Varshney [3] retrieved on 17 August 2020.
^Varshney, Rajeev K.; Graner, Andreas; Sorrells, Mark E. (2005). "Genic microsatellite markers in plants: Features and applications". Trends in Biotechnology. 23 (1): 48–55. doi:10.1016/j.tibtech.2004.11.005. PMID15629858. S2CID19211146.
^Member Steering Committee, FAO, Agricultural Biotechnologies in Developing Countries Conference, Mexico, 1–4 March 2010, " from the FAO website ". Retrieved on 1 August 2016.
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