It is a city located in the western Philippine province of Palawan and is the westernmost city in the Philippines. Though the seat of government and capitol of the province, the city itself is one of 38 independent cities within the Philippines not controlled by the province in which it is geographically located and is therefore an independent area located within Palawan for its geographical and statistical purposes by the Philippine Statistics Authority. It is the largest city in the province of Palawan and the Mimaropa region.
It is the least densely populated city in the Philippines with 110 inhabitants per square kilometer (280 inhabitants/sq mi). In terms of land area, the city is the second largest geographically after Davao City with an area of 2,381.02 square kilometers (919.32 sq mi).[8] Puerto Princesa is the location of the Philippines' Western Command headquarters.[9]
Today, Puerto Princesa is a tourist city with many beach resorts and seafood restaurants. It has been acclaimed several times as the cleanest and greenest city in the Philippines.[10]
Etymology
The name Puerto Princesa has several possible origins. It is said to have been attributed by locals to a princess-like maiden who roams the place on certain nights of the year, while other accounts attribute its geographical advantage as a seaport which is a naturally protected area due to its surrounding mountains, and is characterized by a depth able to accommodate any size of shipping vessel.[11]
There are two official versions about the actual origin of the name. The first is that place was originally named Port of the Princess (Spanish: Puerto de la Princesa) after Infanta Eulalia, one of the princesses born to Isabella II of Spain and her consort, Francis, Duke of Cádiz[3][a] Another version, however, states that the place was originally named Port Asuncion (Spanish: Puerto de Asunción), allegedly named after another daughter of Isabella II and the Duke of Cadiz. In this version, the princess suffered an untimely death, which prompted the Queen to change the name to Puerto de la Princesa, and was eventually shortened to Puerto Princesa. However, this second version is likely to be incorrect, as Isabella and Francis did not have a daughter named Asunción.[13]
History
Spanish period
A 1904 map of Puerto Princesa
Spanish colonists founded the settlement on March 4, 1872, in the course of their exploration of the province. As they scanned the Palawan shoreline for a capital site, they came upon a hill with steep declivity. Rowing to shore, they surveyed the hill and discovered an extensive plateau which they decided as ideal for settlement.
Soon after, Fr. Antonio Muro levelled a portion of the hill to make way for a chapel (that section is now occupied by the Roman Catholic Cathedral, the P.C. Barracks and the Rizal Park, the Old Municipal Building used to be there, as well as an Elementary School). The first mass celebrated in Puerto Princesa took place at a site where a marker now stands.
In May 1872, the Port of Puerto Princesa became the center of Spanish naval operations in the area because the Bay met all the navy's requirements. Royal decrees later provided incentives to settlers, and by 1883 the settlement had flourished into a town of twelve roads, a hospital and well-built port.
In 1894, Puerto Princesa was recognized by government authorities as one of the most beautiful towns in the country by virtue of the orderly distribution of streets, buildings and houses as well as the cleanliness of the community.[14]
In 1911, the New American Administration made Puerto Princesa the seat of the Palawan Provincial Government with Major John Brown as Lieutenant Governor.
In the year 1936, Governor Heginio Mendoza made a directive on the transfer of the Palawan High School (currently Palawan National School) from the island municipality of Cuyo to the central place of the province, which was the Municipality of Puerto Princesa.[15]
In 1951, the barrios of Tinitian, Caramay, Rizal, Del Pilar, Malcampo, Tumarbong, Taradungan, Ilian, and Capayas were separated to form the town of Roxas.[18]
In 1955, the sitios of Materingen, Tandayag, Nasedoc, and Panlawagan were separated from the barrio of Maroyogon and elevated into a barrio.[19]
In 1956, the sitios of Calagbenguen, Tarabanan, Bendoyan, Talabigan, Tagbuan, and Langogan were constituted into the barrio of Concepcion.[20]
In 1957, the barrio of Tapul was renamed to Salvacion.[21]
The town was converted into a city on January 1, 1970, under Republic Act 5906 as amended by P.D. 437,[22][23] through the effort of then Congressman Ramon Mitra, Jr. Feliberto R. Oliveros, Jr., who then became the first City Mayor. In 1987, the port of Puerto Princesa was put under the administration of the Philippine Ports Authority, expanding the city's importance nationally and advancing its infrastructure.[24]
Highly urbanized city
On March 26, 2007, through Proclamation No. 1264, the city of Puerto Princesa was converted into a highly urbanized city. A plebiscite was held on July 21, 2007, where majority of residents voted in its favor. In 2011, the President launched a nationwide campaign for the inclusion of Puerto Princesa's underground river into the New Seven Wonders of Nature.[25] This campaign came into fruition when the Puerto Princesa Subterranean River National Park, the city's top heritage site, was recognized internationally as one of the New Seven Wonders of Nature in 2012.[26]
Puerto Princesa is located in the mid-section of Palawan Island. It is bound to the east by the Sulu Sea, to the west by the South China Sea, to the north by the municipalities of San Vicente and Roxas, and to the south by the municipality of Aborlan. It is approximately 306 nautical miles (567 km) from the Philippine capital of Manila, 205 nautical miles (380 km) from Panay and 250 nautical miles (460 km) from Zamboanga City on the southern Philippine island of Mindanao.
Barangays
Puerto Princesa is politically subdivided into 66 barangays. Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios.
These barangays are grouped into two districts. Currently, there are 35 barangays of which are classified as urban barangays.[28]
Babuyan (Rural) 2,472
Bacungan (Rural) 4,555
Bagong Bayan (Rural) 827
Bagong Pag-Asa (Urban) 750
Bagong Sikat (Urban) 7,497
Bagong Silang (Urban) 5,296
Bahile (Rural) 2,339
Bancao-bancao (Urban) 13,612
Barangay ng mga Mangingisda (Rural) 5,350
Binduyan (Rural) 1,293
Buenavista (Rural) 1,212
Cabayugan (Rural) 3,368
Concepcion (Rural) 1,418
Inagawan (Rural) 1,623
Inagawan Sub-Colony (Rural) 4,052
Irawan (Urban) 6,142
Iwahig (Rural) 4,527
Kalipay (Urban) 725
Kamuning (Rural) 1,978
Langogan (Rural) 2,067
Liwanag (Urban) 1,202
Lucbuan (Rural) 1,401
Luzviminda (Rural) 3,473
Mabuhay (Urban) 206
Macarascas (Rural) 1,609
Magkakaibigan (Urban) 375
Maligaya (Urban) 311
Manalo (Rural) 2,143
Mandaragat (Urban) 9,210
Manggahan (Urban) 644
Maningning (Urban) 791
Maoyon (Rural) 1,281
Marufinas (Rural) 609
Maruyogon (Rural) 1,450
Masigla (Urban) 609
Masikap (Urban) 958
Masipag (Urban) 1,971
Matahimik (Urban) 1,228
Matiyaga (Urban) 413
Maunlad (Urban) 3,865
Milagrosa (Urban) 3,100
Model (Urban) 327
Montible (Rural) 362
Napsan (Rural) 1,797
New Panggangan (Rural) 629
Pagkakaisa (Urban) 1,131
Princesa (Urban) 1,015
Salvacion (Rural) 1,197
San Jose (Urban) 17,521
San Manuel (Urban) 12,510
San Miguel (Urban) 19,649
San Pedro (Urban) 22,089
San Rafael (Rural) 1,836
Santa Cruz (Rural) 840
Santa Lourdes (Urban) 5,171
Santa Lucia (Rural) 147
Santa Monica (Urban) 20,094
San Isidro (Urban) 312
Sicsican (Urban) 15,861
Simpocan (Rural) 1,272
Tagabinet (Rural) 1,170
Tagburos (Urban) 7,045
Tagumpay (Urban) 465
Tanabag (Rural) 700
Tanglaw (Urban) 1,739
Tiniguiban (Urban) 12,285
Sabang Beach
Climate
Puerto Princesa features a tropical wet and dry climate (Köppen climate classification Aw). It is usually wet from May to December, with very little rain from January to April. Average temperature is 27.43 °C (81.37 °F) while the annual average rainfall is 1,563.8 millimetres (61.57 in) per year. It is warm and humid all year round.
Climate data for Puerto Princesa City (1991–2020, extremes 1951–present)
In the 2020 census, the population of Puerto Princesa was 307,079 people,[6] with a density of 130 inhabitants per square kilometer or 340 inhabitants per square mile.
Waves of migrants from other Philippine provinces, and even other countries, have turned Puerto Princesa into a melting pot of various cultures. Among the original inhabitants are the Cuyonons who have a rich legacy of folklore and traditions. Indigenous groups include the Tagbanwas, Palawanos, Molbogs and Bataks, each group with its distinct culture and system of beliefs.
Total inhabitants number 307,079 (as of 2020), of which three-quarter of the population resides in the city proper, an urban settlement on the shores of Puerto Princesa Bay. Although the predominant language is Tagalog, Cuyonon is widely spoken and used throughout the whole city, as well as Hiligaynon, other Visayan languages, and English.
Puerto Princesa is known as the "Eco-Tourism Center of the Philippines".[1] In recent years, the city has seen an increase in the number of tourists bringing with them trade and businesses for the city.[citation needed] Many hotels ranging from basic to five-star luxury accommodations have been developed since the 1990s to cater to a growing number of foreign and local tourists in the city.[citation needed]
There are also a number of restaurants, bars and shopping malls, including the Robinsons Place Palawan, NCCC Mall Palawan, Unitop Mall Puerto Princesa, as well as the recently[when?] opened SM City Puerto Princesa.
The main modes of transport are via tricycles, jeepneys and vans-for-hire (or PUVs/public utility vehicles). Taxis started operating since April 2015, plying through the city center and nearby tourist destinations. Provincial buses and jeepneys operate from the San Jose terminal located 7 kilometers (4.3 mi) north of the city center off the National Highway.
E-tricycle
Then-Puerto Princesa Mayor Edward S. Hagedorn unveiled the environment friendly and economical electric-powered "Trikebayan" (which does not emit any noise or carbon monoxide) at the Kapihan sa Sulo forum, Sulo Hotel, Quezon City. The Trikebayan costs only ₱48 or $1.20 per day to operate, while a gasoline-powered tricycle operation would cost ₱200.[44] Rolly Concepcion, who conceptualized the Trikebayan, said that converting a tricycle engine to electric costs ₱68,000. The rechargeable battery under the passenger seat can run for 12 hours.[45] There was a dealership for these trikes on the north highway but it closed down in 2011.
Although Puerto Princesa has this bold plan for electric vehicles, the municipal government and tourist office has stated (when asked by a tourist in August 2011),[better source needed] that it has no published or announced plan for providing for the current and future needs and safety of pedestrians or bicycle riders. Spaces for walking and bicycling from one place to another are not being considered.[citation needed]
Healthcare
Hospitals in the city include:
MMG-PPC Cooperative Hospital
Ospital ng Palawan
Palawan Adventist Hospital
Palawan Medical City
PuertoGen Clinics & Infirmary
Ace Hospital
Government
Old flag of Puerto Princesa
Elected and appointed public officials have governed Puerto Princesa, with a strong mayor-council government. The city political government is composed of the mayor, vice mayor, ten councilors, one Sangguniang Kabataan (SK) Federation representative, an Association of Barangay Captains (ABC) representative and Indigenous People's Mandatory Representative (IPMR). Each official is elected publicly to a three-year terms.
The following are the current city officials of Puerto Princesa:
^The reference also inaccurately states that Eulalia died young; in reality, she would eventually become the wife of the Duke of Galliera, and the longest-lived among the children of Isabella II and Francis, Duke of Cadiz, dying at the age of 94 in 1958.[12]
^ ab"History of Puerto Princesa". Puerto Princesa Resorts. Archived from the original on July 21, 2009. Retrieved August 11, 2024. Historically, the place was named after Princess Eulalia of Spain, born in 1864 to Queen Isabel II and her consort, Dr. [sic] Francisco de Asis.
^"List of Cities". Philippine Statistics Authority – National Statistical Coordination Board. Archived from the original on February 20, 2016. Retrieved February 5, 2019.
^"QC eyes sister city ties with Naga City". Manila Standard. February 17, 2017. Archived from the original on February 13, 2019. Retrieved February 13, 2019. To date, Quezon City has sister-city ties with 11 other Philippine cities and municipalities—Sadangga in Mountain Province; General Santos City; Pura, Tarlac; Davao City; Iloilo City; Wao, Lanao del Sur; Cotabato City; La Trinidad, Benguet; Puerto Princesa; Banay-Banay, Davao Oriental; and Alicia, Isabela.
^"Puerto Princesa". Hsinchu City Government Department Of Civil Affairs. April 26, 2016. Archived from the original on November 24, 2018. Retrieved February 13, 2019. Establishment of Sister Cities Since：10 Feb, 2006
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