On 18 July 2014, Bosse ran his personal best time (1:42.53) at the 800 metres race at the Herculis meet, a Diamond League meeting held in Monaco; he finished the race in second place behind Nijel Amos of Botswana.[2] Both Amos's and Bosse's times at this meeting were the first and second fastest 800 metre times in the world for 2014; with Bosse running fast enough to be the new French national record holder for the 800 metres outdoors. [citation needed][3]
On 8 August 2017, he won the men's 800 m at the IAAF World Championships in London in a time of 1:44.67. With the absence of David Rudisha due to injury the 800 m final was relatively wide open.[4] However, with Bosse not having run close to the world lead, and having to start his season late due to injury he was not considered a favorite.[5] The final went out at a moderate pace with the leader Brandon McBride passing through 400 m in 50.76. While Kipyegon Bett and Nijel Amos battled each other as they took the lead, Bosse ran a clear path around the outside to take the lead going into the final turn. He emerged from the turn with a three-metre lead on the battle and neither could muster a challenge. His final challengers were Adam Kszczot and Kyle Langford, making a late run from the back of the pack, but Bosse was too far ahead to see the challengers. He looked at the scoreboard, pointing at himself in disbelief.[citation needed][6]
Bosse announced his retirement from the sport in December 2023, following a string of injuries.[7]