The tour began October 2, 2007, in Hartford, Connecticut, and concluded August 30, 2008, in Milwaukee, Wisconsin.[3] This was his first tour with the E Street Band since 2004's Vote for Change shows and the first prolonged outing with them since the 2002–2003 Rising Tour.[4]
After the conclusion of the tour's first leg on November 19, 2007, organist Danny Federici took a leave of absence from the tour to pursue treatment for melanoma.[5] He was replaced by Charles Giordano, who had played with Springsteen on the 2006 Sessions Band Tour.[5] Federici made his only return to the stage on March 20, 2008, during the tour's third leg, when he appeared for portions of a show in Indianapolis.[6] He died on April 17, 2008; the next two shows of the tour were postponed.[7]
The Magic Tour was one of the biggest tours of the year and won the 2008 Billboard Touring Awards for Top Tour, Top Draw, and Top Manager (for Jon Landau).[8] The Magic Tour had the second-highest gross worldwide for 2008 in Billboard's rankings, with $204.5 million and trailing only Bon Jovi's Lost Highway Tour.[9] In Pollstar's calculus for North America, the Magic Tour had the sixth-highest gross for 2008 at $69.3 million.[10] In any case, in total over its two years, the Magic Tour grossed more than $235 million.[9]
Itinerary
On August 28, 2007, it was announced on Bruce Springsteen's website that there would be a tour with the E Street Band immediately concurrent with the release of his album Magic.[11]
The two first-announced legs followed the practice established during the 2002–2003 Rising Tour, of quickly visiting cities in North America followed by the same in Western Europe. Possible lengthier engagements, or dates in areas outside the Northeastern United States, where Springsteen's commercial appeal had dimmed, were viewed as additional legs in 2008.
In an interview at the time of the tour's announcement, Springsteen made clear that this outing would be a return to expectations after the substantial stylistic departures of the solo, multi-instrumental 2005 Devils & Dust Tour and the big folk 2006 Sessions Band Tour: "Yeah — I'll be playing the rock music this time."[12]Magic selections would be likely heavily featured, as they were written for playing in concert.[12] And he shot down fan speculation that (with band members getting on in age and health and drummer Max Weinberg likely heading to Los Angeles when Conan O'Brien would take over The Tonight Show in 2009[13][14]) this might be a farewell tour – "I envision the band carrying on for many, many, many more years. There ain't gonna be any farewell tour.... I'll never do that, man — you're only gonna know that when you don't see me no more"[12] – as did band members the following year.[14]
As per past Springsteen practice, the tour proper was preceded by a couple of weeks of the band holding closed rehearsals at Asbury Park Convention Hall – but now with loudspeakers playing local radio stations positioned outside the hall to foil the Springsteen faithful who gathered outside the building to hear a glimpse of the set lists and arrangements to come. This was followed by two rehearsal shows (which doubled as charity benefits) at Convention Hall on September 24 and 25, an early morning appearance on The Today Show's concert series on Rockefeller Plaza on September 28,[15] and another, small-audience rehearsal at Continental Airlines Arena that night.
The scene outside a fourth-leg show at Oslo's Valle Hovin, July 8, 2008
The third, North American leg again started up at the Hartford Civic Center on February 28, 2008, playing both previously visited and unvisited markets, in arenas. It concluded on May 2, 2008, at BankAtlantic Center in Fort Lauderdale, Florida. (The leg's conclusion was followed by a special out-of-tour, very-high-priced benefit show May 7 for, and at, the Count Basie Theatre in Red Bank, New Jersey, where Springsteen's classic 1970s albums Darkness on the Edge of Town and Born to Run were played in sequence in their entirety.[16]) Meanwhile, both arenas and stadiums were scheduled for a fourth, European leg to take place in mid-May through mid-July 2008, beginning at the RDS Arena in Dublin.
A more extensive final leg, running into the autumn, was "in the works" but scrapped in mid-June 2008.[20] Fans, however, still hoped for something after the Harley show, and were rewarded when plans were announced for Springsteen and the E Street Band to play the halftime show at Super Bowl XLIII, with strong speculation extending to a new album in early 2009 and a tour run before Max Weinberg went to California for The Tonight Show with Conan O'Brien.
When the tour opened at the Hartford Civic Center, several things were immediately apparent. The show was clearly shorter than in years past,[21] beginning at around 8:30 and ending at around 10:45. However, more songs were played than could be extrapolated from this time, given past practice, due to the omission of elongated numbers with stage hijinks, and in particular no long monologues or band intros. As guitarist Nils Lofgren said of the tour's start, "Bruce tried to do an experiment with condensing everything, covering all the emotional territory he needed to."[21]
Soozie Tyrell, while now clearly not an official member of the E Street Band by analysis of publicity material, tour T-shirts and the like, was nonetheless a full member on-stage, appearing on every song with some combination of violin, acoustic guitar, and backing vocals. On the front line of the stage, age was taking its toll:[22] on one side Clarence Clemons was once again sitting in a chair when not playing his saxophone or percussion parts[23] and needing a steadying hand for getting on and off stage,[22] while Danny Federici was also looking a little frail. On the other side, not only was Springsteen's teleprompter (a fixture since the early 1990s) still in view, but sidekick Steven Van Zandt had his own (for lyrics) as did wife and band member Patti Scialfa (for guitar chords). In the latter respect, however, the show featured a breakthrough: the first Scialfa song played in its entirety, the mid-set "A Town Called Heartbreak", which would continue to be played intermittently on the first leg of the tour. Drummer Max Weinberg also had a small teleprompter within his drum kit, showing lyrics, unusual in that Weinberg does not sing onstage.
The set list heavily leaned on Magic material, as might be expected, with The Rising initially also well represented. The 1970s were also featured, with a number of songs off Born to Run and Darkness on the Edge of Town. Thematically, the show was organized in recent Springsteen fashion, with certain fixed sequences that appeared every night, interspersed with "wild card" sequences in which a variety of recent or old songs might appear. Shows usually began with a calliope playing "The Daring Young Man on the Flying Trapeze" as the band took the stage, followed by several calls out from the darkness by Springsteen — "Is there anybody alive out there!?" Then, as might be expected, Magic's first single "Radio Nowhere" and its expression of social longing began the concert. This was followed by some older number, such as "The Ties That Bind" or "No Surrender", that supplied that social connection, and then by The Rising's "Lonesome Day" to balance the equation. The next part of the show brought out ''Magic'''s political undercurrents, first with a spoken introduction to "Magic" that made clear that song's understated lyric: "This is about living in times when the truth gets twisted into lies and lies get twisted into truth. So, it's not about magic. It's about tricks."[22] Thus set up to follow was just that, a trick: yet another at-first-puzzling rendition of the always challenging "Reason to Believe". The Nebraska closer was transformed from a low-key acoustic number to a heavy-hitting, harmonica-driven, boogie-woogie blues rock version,[22] with Springsteen pumping up the audience with phantom overhand throwing motions ... all for a song that represented, despite frequent misinterpretations, a void empty of hope;[24] only a return of the Devils & Dust Tour's ultra-distorting "bullet mic" at the end served to reveal a bit of the deceit. An explicit public service announcement rap during "Livin' in the Future" listed Springsteen's complaints about developments in American during the George W. Bush administration, including extraordinary rendition, illegal wiretapping, voter suppression, no habeas corpus, New Orleans after Hurricane Katrina, and the continuing Iraq War. "The Promised Land" followed by wild card slots would then alleviate the mood.
Pensive striped lighting on the stage with red accents alternating on Springsteen, the stage rear, and finally Weinberg's drum outro, illustrated performances of "Devil's Arcade". TD Banknorth Garden, Boston, November 18, 2007.
Another fixed, socio-political sequence occurred at the end of the main set,[25] "Devil's Arcade" into "The Rising" into "Last to Die" into "Long Walk Home" into "Badlands". In an interview, Springsteen said of the transition out of "The Rising" and into "Last to Die", signalling the course of American society from the September 11 attacks to the Iraq War,[26] "The whole night is going to turn on that segue. That's what we're up there for right now, that thirty seconds."[26] Encores started with the relaxed lament of the new "Girls in Their Summer Clothes". This was followed by potluck back catalog choices, often involving one of his long epics, the inevitable "Born to Run", a celebratory "Dancing in the Dark", and as the show finalé, "American Land". This, the only holdover from the Sessions Band Tour, featured Clemons on pennywhistle, both Federici and Bittan on accordion and joining Tyrell and the others on the front stage line, in an up-tempo jig that sought to convey the whole tale of immigration to the United States. As such it careened wildly in purpose between a rousing closer and a message summation; these dual roles were found in the start with Springsteen's exclamation over drums, “It’s your country, don’t let anyone take it from you!”[25] and was emphasized as the tour went on, when the large video screens above the stage began scrolling the lyrics as the song played, and then illustrated Springsteen's quick-paced band intro spiel with 1960s Batman-styled cartoon bursts: E! Street! Band!
The European second leg featured very enthusiastic crowds and shows lengthening towards two and a half hours, but also largely static set lists, possibly due to stand-in organist Charlie Giordano needing time to learn the Springsteen oeuvre. By the North American third leg, set lists were slightly loosened, with "Night" or other choices often preceding "Radio Nowhere" as the show opener. Oddball selections showed up more as wild cards or audibles,[13] sometimes prompted by audience signs held up in the pit below the stage.[27] The signs practice became more frequent starting in March,[17] and eventually built up into a tradition that would carry over to the band's next tour.[28] Clemons' chair was now comically upgraded to a gilded throne,[29] with a tambourine placed next to it so he could play along on songs where he was catching a breather. His role overall was not diminished, however, as "Jungleland" and his longest and most famous saxophone solo began appearing more often in the encores. "Long Walk Home" gained more emphasis, with Nils Lofgren and especially Steve Van Zandt adding their own vocal parts during the coda.[13]
Once the tour resumed following Federici's death, the existing structure began to break down. For the first seven shows, a video montage about Federici, set to past-tour-finale-song "Blood Brothers", was shown preceding the start. Many old songs were performed, both well known, such as "Growin' Up", and songs which had remained virtually unplayed for 20 years, such as "Wild Billy's Circus Story". Magic slots were reduced and its songs put on rotation; the middle of the set became extremely varied, with "Livin' in the Future" and "She's the One" the only constants. "The Promised Land", which had been a mid-set regular, was moved to various places in the set lists. Encore length varied, but again "Born to Run" and "American Land" remained the only constants. The band found that playing shows helped them to cope with the emotional effects of the loss of Federici.[21]
On the European outdoor summer's leg, where unlike in the U.S. Springsteen was still a stadium-level attraction,[14] the shows became increasingly longer, a pattern that had been taking hold throughout the tour.[21] The Helsinki Olympic Stadium show in Finland ran past three hours, containing 31 songs (in that metric, the longest show of Springsteen's since 1993 on the "Other Band" Tour and the longest with the E Street Band since 1988). As the tour left Helsinki, the group had played a total of 117 different songs over 87 shows, the list having been expanded in Europe with rarities like "I'm on Fire", "Held Up Without a Gun", "For You", "Drive All Night", "Rendezvous", "Summertime Blues", "Cover Me", and "None but the Brave". Front pit audience signs and Springsteen audibles from same were now a constant feature of every show; never having been done by the band before,[17] the Springsteen official website said that "All of us have been enjoying the signs and banners with song requests," and requested that they be kept a reasonable size during the upcoming final American leg.[30][31] In some cases, songs were audibled that the band had not rehearsed at all, and arrangements were made up on the spot.[17] Clemons, Lofgren, and Weinberg all indicated they enjoyed the new unexpectedness of the shows.[17]Magic selections, in contrast, were sometimes down to four from their original usual eight. E Streeter Nils Lofgren described the state of the show in an interview after the end of this European leg: "The band, musically, is in the best shape we've ever been, I think. The whole show has become one long improv/audible now; sometimes [Springsteen] changes the first song on the way to the stage, and usually by the second song he's calling audibles, so the set list is useless. It's fun to be part of something ... where a band leader can do that much improv and get away with it and have a band that'll deliver and make it work. So, it's all really a pretty historic run, from my perspective."[32]
The fifth and final U.S. leg began with three shows at Giants Stadium, seen at the time as possibly Springsteen's last there.[14] The opening "Tenth Avenue Freeze-Out" had the upper deck literally shaking,[19] while Lofgren's impromptu somersault during "Because the Night" astounded everyone,[19] especially since Lofgren was headed to double hip replacement surgery after the tour.[33] The practice of longer shows and of songs played for sign requests continued.[19] The latter was now cued by an extended drumbeat for "Summertime Blues" or "Light of Day" while Springsteen collected and assessed the many signs. The fourth and fifth legs also featured a new "Build Me a House" stage rap from Springsteen, located in 15-minute renditions of "Mary's Place";[19] the rap would carry over onto the next tour, albeit in a different song.[34] Springsteen obscurities continued to be played, although the stadium audiences would be inattentive for quiet, intense numbers such as
"Drive All Night".[19] In other cases, the band would hash out onstage the key in which to play "It's Hard to Be a Saint in the City".[19] The biggest surprise was "Crush on You", which had not been performed since The River Tour in 1980;[35] Springsteen explained why by saying, "We firmly believe this is the worst song we ever put on a record."[35] Show lengths and energy were such that Lofgren sometimes wondered whether the audience was up to handling extra songs in the encores.[21]
At the conclusion of the Harley show, Springsteen told the audience, "We just had the greatest tour of our lives."[37] Springsteen would later say that the Magic Tour constituted "some of the most exciting shows we've ever done."[38]
And Springsteen echoed the sentiment he expressed before the tour's start, that it was not a swansong for the band, at the final show of it, saying "We'll be seein' ya ... we're only just getting started."[36]
Critical and commercial reception
Searchlight-style effects challenge the audience during one of the show's most political numbers, "Livin' in the Future". Nassau Coliseum, March 10, 2008. The Clarence Clemons "throne" can be seen to the right of the organ position.
Reviews of the Magic Tour were generally favorable. The New Haven Register found the band "ripping through a spirited set" on opening night and judged Weinberg, Van Zandt, and Clemons as the main stars of the performance besides Springsteen.[39] The paper also profiled fans who had come from nearby states to see the opener.[39] A Jon Pareles review in The New York Times of a Madison Square Garden show two weeks later framed the performance thusly:
The sheer vitality of Mr. Springsteen, 58, belting an entire set of showstoppers straight from the gut and working the stage with his longtime band, provides all the hope the lyrics struggle to find. He's as serious as any public figure alive, but he leaves audiences euphoric — a paradox that only grows more profound as he endures.[40]
The Syracuse New Times summed an Albany, New York, show late in the first leg as "a masterful presentation of Springsteen’s new album Magic and a few moments of his mumbling political cajoling, all wrapped up in a joyous rock’n’roll revival replete with his most famous hits going back to the 1970s."[22]
North American ticket sales during the first leg were generally strong. Prime markets in the Northeast sold out in less than ten minutes. The faithful knew, as usual, that this was only the beginning of the ticket acquisition process, as the later secondary market — online ticket outlet drops of held-back allotments, later drops due to stage setup revelations, day of show drop lines, online forum exchanges, and eBay — all offered opportunities for success. The first, North American leg garnered $38.2 million in ticket revenues,[41] making it the 14th biggest grossing concert tour in North America for 2007.[41] Springsteen saw more younger fans appearing in America than in a decade, while in Europe younger fans were constantly replenishing his fan base.[42]
Meanwhile, over in Europe, the London concert, which went on sale first on August 30, sold out in about ten minutes.[43] The Belfast concert sold out in eight minutes, setting a venue record for The Odyssey;[44] thousands left standing outside the venue, other ticket outlets, or phone or online users, were left quite frustrated.[44] Most of the tickets were bought by major companies and sold on eBay or other websites for hundreds of pounds.[44] The Belgian concert was sold out in a few minutes, the booking site having experienced constant lag.
On the show's third leg, the Rochester Democrat and Chronicle praised the show's concentration on newer material and detected implicit support for the presidential campaign of Barack Obama.[27] In a USA Today interview Springsteen professed admiration for both Obama's effort and rival Hillary Rodham Clinton's campaign,[42] although he seemed to have a greater affinity for the former: "I always look at my work as trying to measure the distance between American promise and American reality. And I think [Obama]'s inspired a lot of people with that idea: How do you make that distance shorter? How do we create a more humane society? We've lived through such ugly times that people want to have a romance with the idea of America again, and I think they need to."[42] The Milwaukee Journal Sentinel saw the concert there as exemplifying Springsteen's ability to have "dark words ride along on a buoyant pop melody", terming the enterprise "an exercise in danceable agitation."[29]
Commercially, though, the third leg was softer, with most of its shows not sold out.[45] Moreover, when tickets went on sale in December 2007 for three hometown, summer 2008, fifth-leg Giants Stadium shows, they did not come close to selling out right away,[19][46] and may never have.[14] This paled in comparison to the fast sales and many added dates for The Rising Tour's Giants Stadium stand in 2003;[46] theories advanced included poor sales timing before the holiday season and way in advance of the shows, a worsening U.S. economy, stagnant European second leg set lists, and aftereffects of Springsteen's Vote for Change explicit political stances and non-E Street Band tours. Nevertheless, the Giants Stadium stand grossed over $14 million, and was the fifth-highest concert stand gross for 2008.[9] For the first half of 2008, the Magic Tour third leg was the second-highest grossing tour in North America, garnering $40.8 million,[47] behind Bon Jovi's Lost Highway Tour for that period but ahead of the Van Halen 2007–2008 Tour.[47] The European outdoor fourth leg was very strong commercially, selling out or nearly selling out its shows.[48] The Billboard Boxscore Top Ten Concert Grosses report for the issue the week after the leg ended showed the first nine positions all held by Magic Tour shows; the highest grossing was the two nights at Barcelona's Camp Nou, where 143,804 total attendees brought in over $14 million gross.[48]
By the tour's finishing fifth leg, critical reaction was again strong. Of the penultimate show in St. Louis, Billboard wrote that the band had "unleash[ed] an epic, loose show that wowed the unwowable and flapped the unflappable."[36]
Ticketmaster Entertainment's TicketsNow portal reported that the average resale price of a 2008 Magic Tour ticket had been $235, sixth highest among touring acts for the year.[49]
Personnel
The E Street Band
Final frame of cartoon-style E! – Street! – Band! video screen sequence at the end of the tour's shows. Nassau Coliseum, March 10, 2008.
The beginning line-up was unchanged from the 2002–2003 Rising Tour.
Scialfa missed a number of shows in the North American first leg, and all the shows in the European second leg, due to family duties. She missed all but one of the shows in the North American third leg as well,[29] with Springsteen giving different humorous explanations at each stop for her absence, all revolving around their teenage children misbehaving. Scialfa said she was staying home to enjoy the last year of all three children being together, and to be fully involved in their eldest child's college application and decision process.[50] Despite vowing to attend the European fourth leg,[50] she missed all of those shows as well, until the Spanish ones at the end of the leg. She was at the first four shows of the fifth leg, then missed the rest of those too.
Broadcasts and recordings
Early on the first leg, the starting three songs (one more than planned) of the October 10, 2007, Continental Airlines Arena show were broadcast live over VH1 Classic.[51] Throughout much of the tour, video clips of one performance from a show, usually cut down to a one- to two-minute excerpt, would be posted on Springsteen's official website.
On July 4, 2008, with much fanfare, Sirius Satellite Radio's E Street Radio channel broadcast selected songs from the show that day at the Ullevi in Göteborg, Sweden,[52] although in practice there was much more of host Dave Marsh talking with phone callers than there was of the concert.
On July 15, 2008, Springsteen released the live audio and video EPMagic Tour Highlights, which collected guest appearances from the third leg, including Federici's only return.[2]
1: RNA polimerase, 2: Represor, 3: Promotor, 4: Operator, 5: Laktosa 6: lacZ, 7: lacY, 8: lacA. Atas: Gen pada dasarnya dimatikan. Tidak ada laktosa untuk menghambat represor, sehingga represor mengikat operator, yang menghalangi RNA polimerase dari pengikatan ke promotor dan membuat laktase. Bawah: Gen dihidupkan. Laktosa menghambat represor, memungkinkan RNA polimerase berikatan dengan promotor dan mengekspresikan gen, yang mensintesis laktase. Akhirn...
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La Salle du Manège o Sala de Equitación se usó como lugar de reuniones de órgano legislativo durante el mayor parte del periodo revolucionario (entre 1789 y 1798); se encontraba al extremo norte de los jardines de las Tullerías, y extendió sus dependencias por las de los dos conventos anexos: el de los Capucins (capuchinos) y el de los Feuillants (una rama de los cistercienses).[1] Los grupos políticos de la Revolución francesa no fueron partidos en el sentido posterior del té...
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