Logorik language

Logorik
Logorik
Laggori, Liguri, Logori, Subori
Native to	Sudan
Region	South Kordofan
Ethnicity	Logorik
Native speakers	(2,000 cited 1971)
Language family	Nilo-Saharan? Eastern Sudanic Southern Eastern? Daju Eastern Logorik; ; ; ; ;
Dialects	Liguri; Saburi; Tallau;
Writing system	Latin
Language codes
ISO 639-3	liu
Glottolog	logo1261
ELP	Logorik
	Logorik is classified as Critically Endangered by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger

Logorik, Subori, or Saburi is a (critically) endangered^[2]^[3] language spoken in Eastern Sudan and Western Chad.^[4]^[5]

General information

It is a part of the Nilo-Saharan group and the subcategory of the Eastern Daju languages.^[4]^[5] It is spoken by the Subori people in the Nuba Mountains and South Kordofan.^[4]^[5]

Meinhof claims, that there are hardly any similarities between this language and other Kordofan languages vocabulary-wise.^[6] At the same time, the Logorik-speaking community is overwhelmingly bilingual; other dominating languages being, among others, Arabic, (due to the Arabic migration in the region).^[4]^[5] This causes a high percentage of loanwords and grammatical borrowings (mostly Arabic) in the Logorik language.^[4]

Phonetics

Vowels

Logorik vowels^[4]
	Front	Central	Back
High	i		u
Mid-High	e		o
Mid		ə
Low		a

Consonants

Logorik consonants^[4]
		Labial	Alveolar	Retroflex	Palatal	Velar	Glottal
Plosive/Affricate	Voiceless	p	t	(ʈ)	ʧ	k	(ʔ)
Plosive/Affricate	Voiced	b	d	(ɖ)	tʒ^[a]	g
Implosive		ɓ	ɗ		ʄ
Fricative	Voiceless	(f)^[b]	s			x	h
Fricative	Voiced		z
Nasal		m	n		ɲ	ŋ
Rhotic			r	(ɽ)
Lateral			l
Approximant		w

^ written tʒ in Manfredi 2013^[4]
^ /f/ is quite rare. It usually appears in loanwords and other borrowings.^[4]

Also, it is worth mentioning, that the glottal stops, symbolized by (ʔ), are present in Logorik.^[4]

Tonality

Logorik is a tonal language, meaning there are high tones and falling tones.^[4] When it comes to tones, the tone of a preceding syllable must be different from the one coming after it.^[4]

Grammar

Genus

There is no feminine genus in the Logorik language morphology-wise.^[4] There are however six other classes and their plural form depends on the final position of the singular form.^[4]

Nouns

A plural form of a noun is created by adding an appropriate suffix.^[4]

Verbs

There are only perfective and imperfective conjugations documented.^[4] Prefixes and suffixes play a very important role in signaling the context/tense, e.g. future tense is shown by the prefix and háŋ-; habitual activities by a suffix -cà.^[4]

References

^ Logorik at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
^ Atlas of the world's languages in danger. Christopher Moseley, Alexandre Nicolas, Unesco, Unesco. Intangible Cultural Heritage Section (3rd ed. entirely revised, enlarged and updated ed.). Paris: Unesco. 2010. ISBN 978-92-3-104095-5. OCLC 610522460.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
^ Eberhard, David M.; Simons, Gary F.; Fenning, Charles D. (2020). Ethnoloɠue: Languages in Africa and Europe (23rd ed.). Dallas: SIL International Publications. p.279. ISBN 978-1-55671-458-0.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q Manfredi, Stefano (2013). "Arabic borrowings in Laggori (Eastern Daju)". Nuba Mountain Language Studies. Cologne: Rüdiger Köppe. pp. 463–484.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Thelwall, Robin. 1978. Lexicostatistical Relations between Nubian, Daju and Dinka. In Études nubiennes: Colloque de Chantilly, 2-6 juillet 1975, 265-286. Le Caire: Institut Français d'Archéologie Orientale du Caire.
^ Meinhof, Carl (1965) [1910-1919]. "Saburi". Zeitschrift für Kolonialsprachen. 7/9: 48–49.