List of petawatt lasers

This page contains a list of petawatt-level lasers in operation, under construction, or proposed. The list is compiled from existing academic reviews.^[1][2]

Facility	Institution	Location	Classification	Pulse energy [J]	Pulse duration [fs]	Peak power [PW]	Status
Nova	Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory	United States	Nd:glass	660	440	1.5	Decommissioned
NIF-ARC	Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory	United States	Nd:glass	400–1700	1300–38 000	1.5	Operation
Texas Petawatt Laser[3][4]	University of Texas, Austin	United States	Nd:glass	186	167	1.1	Operation
Z-PW	Sandia National Laboratories	United States	Nd:glass	500	500	1	Operation
ZEUS	University of Michigan	United States	Nd:glass	75	25	3	Commission
				12.5	25	0.5
SG-II-PW[5]	Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, The Chinese Academy of Sciences (SIOM)	China	Nd:glass	1000	1000	1	Operation
Vulcan	Rutherford Appleton Laboratory	United Kingdom	Nd:glass	500	500	1	Operation
Orion	Atomic Weapons Establishment	United Kingdom	Nd:glass	500	500	1	Operation
PHELIX	GSI Helmholtz	Germany	Nd:glass	250	400	0.625	Operation
LMJ-PETAL	CEA Cesta	France	Nd:glass	850	700	1.15	Operation
GEKKO XII-LFEX	Osaka University	Japan	Nd:glass	3000	1500	2	Operation
ELI-B L4	Extreme Light Infrastructure	Czech Republic	Nd:glass	1500	150	10	Construction
ELI-NP	Extreme Light Infrastructure	Romania	Ti:sapphire	242	22.3	10.9	Operation
ELI-B L2	Extreme Light Infrastructure	Czech Republic	Ti:sapphire	20	20	1	Operation
ELI-B L3 HAPLS	Extreme Light Infrastructure Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory	Czech Republic  United States	Ti:sapphire	30	30	1 at 10 Hz	Operation
SULF	SIOM ShanghaiTech University	China	Ti:sapphire	216	21	10.3	Operation
XL-III	Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Science	China	Ti:sapphire	32	28	1.16	Operation
CAEP-PW[6]	China Academy of Engineering Physics	China	Ti:sapphire	91.1	18.6	4.9	Operation
SG-II-5 PW[7]	SIOM	China	Ti:sapphire	37	21	1.76	Operation
SEL-100 PW[8]	Shanghai High Repetition Rate XEFL and Extreme Light Facility	China	Ti:sapphire	1500	15	100	Construction
Gwangju-PW	Centre for Relativistic Laser Science	South Korea	Ti:sapphire	83	19.4	4.2	Operation
BELLA	Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory	United States	Ti:sapphire	40	30	1.3	Operation
ALEPH	Colorado State University	United States	Ti:sapphire	26	30	0.87 at 3.3 Hz	Operation
DIOCLES	University of Nebraska-Lincoln	United States	Ti:sapphire	20	30	0.7	Operation
NSF OPAL	Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester	United States	Ti:sapphire			25	Planned
J-KAREN	National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology	Japan	Ti:sapphire	28/30	33/30	0.85/1	Operation
Gemini	Rutherford Appleton Laboratory	United Kingdom	Ti:sapphire	15	30	0.5	Operation
VEGA-3	University of Salamanca	Spain	Ti:sapphire	30	30	1 at 1 Hz	Operation
DRACO	Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf	Germany	Ti:sapphire	30	30	1	Operation
ATLAS	Technical University of Munich Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich	Germany	Ti:sapphire	60	25	2.4	Construction
Apollon	CNRS École polytechnique	France	Ti:sapphire	150	15	10	Construction
CETAL	INFLPR	Romania	Ti:sapphire	25	25	1	Operation
RRCAT	Raja Ramana Centre for Advanced Technology	India	Ti:sapphire	25	25	1	Construction
PEARL	Institute of Applied Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences	Russia	Ti:sapphire	18	55–67 (10)a)	0.25–0.3 (1.5)a)	Operation

References

1. Li, Zhaoyang; Leng, Yuxin; Li, Ruxin (2022). "Further Development of the Short-Pulse Petawatt Laser: Trends, Technologies, and Bottlenecks". Laser & Photonics Reviews. 17 (3). doi:10.1002/lpor.202100705.
2. Danson, Colin N.; et al. (2019). "Petawatt and exawatt class lasers worldwide". High Power Laser Science and Engineering. 7: e54. Bibcode:2019HPLSE...7E..54D. doi:10.1017/hpl.2019.36.
3. Gaul, Erhard W.; et al. (2010). "Demonstration of a 1.1 petawatt laser based on a hybrid optical parametric chirped pulse amplification/mixed Nd:glass amplifier". Applied Optics. 49 (9): 1676–1681. Bibcode:2010ApOpt..49.1676G. doi:10.1364/AO.49.001676. PMID 20300167.
4. "Texas Petawatt Laser". The University of Texas at Austin. Retrieved 5 February 2025.
5. Xu, Guang; Wang, Tao; Li, Zhaoyang; Dai, Yaping; Lin, Zunqi; Gu, Yuan; Zhu, Jianqiang (2008). "1 kJ Petawatt Laser System for SG-II-U Program". The Review of Laser Engineering. 36: 1172–1175. doi:10.2184/lsj.36.1172.
6. Zeng, Xiaoming; et al. (2017). "Multi-petawatt laser facility fully based on optical parametric chirped-pulse amplification". Optics Letters. 42 (10): 2014–2017. Bibcode:2017OptL...42.2014Z. doi:10.1364/OL.42.002014. PMID 28504737.
7. Zhu, Jianqiang; et al. (2018). "Analysis and construction status of SG-II 5PW laser facility". High Power Laser Science and Engineering. 6: e29. Bibcode:2018HPLSE...6E..29Z. doi:10.1017/hpl.2018.23.
8. Xu, Dirui; Shen, Baifei; Xu, Jiancai; Liang, Zhenfeng (2020). "XFEL beamline design for vacuum birefringence experiment". Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A. 982: 164553. Bibcode:2020NIMPA.98264553X. doi:10.1016/j.nima.2020.164553.

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